Ni iki wakwifashisha mu gupima terefone y'inganda irinda ikirere kugira ngo ubone ibyambu?

• Imbuga zihana ibyuma bidakora neza: igihu cy'umunyu, UV, vibration, no guhinduka kw'ubushyuhe vuba bishobora kwangiza telefoni mbere yuko ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bibikora.
• Ku bijyanye na telefoni yo hanze, igenzura ry'ingirakamaro cyane ni IP rating, ibikoresho byangiritse, imikorere y'amajwi, no gufunga insinga.
• Aho ibintu biherereye ni ingenzi: irembo ry'ikiraro, ikibuga cy'ibikoresho, n'ahantu ho gupakira ibintu hashobora guteza akaga akenshi bisaba uburinzi butandukanye n'urwego rw'impamyabushobozi.
• Isuzuma ryiza ry’ibipimo rigabanya igihe cyo kudakora, gusaba serivisi zo kubungabunga, n’icyizere cy’ibinyoma gituruka ku magambo yo kwamamaza nka “kwirinda ikirere.”

Terefone y’inganda irinda ikirere ku byambu igomba gupimwa hakurikijwe imikorere ifatika, ntabwo ishingiye ku ijambo "ifite imiterere ikomeye." Mu bidukikije byo hanze no mu mazi, urwego rw’uburinzi nkoIEC 60529IP66 na IP67 kuko bivuga ko birwanya ivumbi n'amazi mu buryo bushobora gupimwa, mu giheASTM B117bifasha gusobanura uburyo bwo gupima umunyu uterwa no kwangirika kw'ibinyabiziga bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese. Ku bakoresha ibyambu, ikibazo nyacyo ni ukumenya niba telefoni y'inganda idashobora gusomwa, kumvikana, no gukoreshwa nyuma yo guhura n'imvura kenshi, spray, UV, vibration, no gukoreshwa n'abantu. Niyo mpamvu ibyemezo byiza byo kugura bihuza amanota yo gukingira, imiterere y'amajwi, kurwanya kwangiza, no kugera ku kubungabunga, cyane cyane ku gikoresho cy'itumanaho cyashyizwe ku marembo, aho abantu barara, mu bubiko, cyangwa ahantu hatunguranye.

Terefone y'inganda irinda ikirere ku byambu igomba kubaho

Ikizamini cya mbere si ukumenya niba telefoni ishobora guhamagara, ahubwo ni ukumenya niba ishobora gukomeza gukora nyuma y'imyaka myinshi imaze igaragara.

Imyaro iteza ibidukikije bikomeye kurusha inganda nyinshi kuko ikirere n'ibikorwa bihurira icyarimwe. Umwuka wuzuyemo umunyu wihutisha ingese, imirasire y'izuba yangiza pulasitiki, kandi imvura iterwa n'umuyaga ishobora gutuma amazi yinjira mu miyoboro yemewe mu nzu. Telefoni y'inganda irinda ikirere ishyizwe hafi y'aho itembera ishobora kandi guhura n'ingaruka za forklift, gukaraba, no gukoreshwa kenshi n'intoki zambaye uturindantoki. Iyo telefoni iri mu rwego rw'akazi kihutirwa cyangwa gashinzwe kugenzura irembo, igikoresho cyangiritse kiba ikibazo cy'umutekano n'umutekano aho kuba ikibazo cy'uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyikoresha.

Mu gihe usuzuma telefoni yo hanze y’inganda, shakisha ishusho yuzuye y’ibidukikije, atari ukurinda kwinjira gusa. Baza uko inzu imeze iyo izuba riva, ibikoresho bya gasket, niba inyuguti zifunze neza, n’uko insinga zirinda guhindagurika. Mu mikoreshereze y’aho hantu, igisubizo gikwiye gikunze guhuza icyuma cyangwa inzu ikomeye hamwe na sisitemu yo gufunga yageragejwe hamwe n’uburyo bwo kuvuga bushobora gukoreshwa iyo hari urusaku n’ubushuhe.

Ibiranga telefoni zo mu nganda zirinda ikirere, ni byo by'ingenzi cyane mu guhitamo ibikoresho by'itumanaho bya port

Ibyemezo byiza byo kugura bitangirira ku matsinda ane agena ibipimo: kurinda kwinjira, kuramba kw'ibikoresho, imikorere y'amajwi, hamwe n'ubushobozi cyangwa imikoranire ijyanye n'imbaraga.

Uburyo bwo kurinda ingress ni bwo buryo bugaragara cyane bwo gutangira, ariko ni igice kimwe gusa cy'igisubizo. IP66 bivuze ko agace gakingiyemo gafite ivumbi kandi karinzwe n'amazi akomeye, mu gihe IP67 irimo uburyo bw'agateganyo bwo kwirinda kwibira mu mazi, byombi bisobanurwa muriIEC 60529. Kuri telefoni yo ku ruhande rw'ikiraro ishyizwe munsi y'aho umuntu ahungira igice cy'umutekano, IP66 ikunze kuba ihagije; kuri telefoni ishobora guhura n'amazi asohoka, gukurura abantu, cyangwa gusukurwa buri gihe, IP67 ishobora kuba filter nziza. Ariko ntugatekereze ko umubare munini ukemura ikibazo cyose. Niba insinga yinjiyemo, plaque yo kuyishyiraho, cyangwa push button assembling idakomeye, amanota ari ku rwego rwa shell ntabwo azarinda igikoresho gukora.

Guhitamo ibikoresho nabyo ni ingenzi. Ibikoresho bifunga ibyuma bitagira umugese, ifu idashonga, na polimeri zidashonga n'imirasire ya UV byose bifasha kongera igihe mu kirere cyo mu mazi. Mu cyambu, pulasitiki isanzwe yo mu nzu ishobora kugaragara neza ku munsi wa mbere hanyuma igahinduka ibara nyuma yo kwibasirwa n'izuba n'umunyu kenshi. Telefoni ikomeye ikoreshwa mu nganda igomba kugaragaza neza uburyo ibikoresho bikoreshwa imbere, icyuma gikingira ibyuma, gasket, n'ibikoresho byo kuyishyiraho.

Imikorere y'amajwi ni yo itandukanya amajwi. Amajwi aranguruye cyane, kandi iyo uwakira amajwi adashobora kumva umukoresha, igikoresho kirananirwa gukora nubwo cyaba gitunganye neza mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi. Igikoresho cyiza cyo gutumanaho gikunze gukoresha indangururamajwi zisohora ijwi cyane, inzira ya mikoro idakoresha urusaku, hamwe na telefoni cyangwa uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki bujyanye na sitasiyo. Niba telefoni izakoreshwa hafi y'imashini zitwara amajwi, moteri, cyangwa uburyo bwo gucunga amakontena, baza niba uwakoze iyi telefoni asohora ubuyobozi bw'amajwi bufatika aho gutangaza gusa "amajwi asobanutse".

Uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amajwi ya telefoni zo mu nganda zo hanze mu turere tw'ibyambu birimo urusaku

Gusobanukirwa ijwi akenshi ni ingenzi kuruta gukomera kuko telefoni yo mu nganda idashobora guhindagurika kandi idashobora kumvikana ntacyo imaze mu mikorere yayo.

Imbuga zikora kimwe mu bidukikije bigoye cyane mu itumanaho ry’inganda. Urusaku rw’inyuma ruturuka ku byuma bikurura amajwi, moteri, inzogera, ibyuma bitanga amajwi, n’umuyaga bishobora gupfukirana terefone igendanwa isanzwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibizamini bifatika cyane si amajwi asanzwe ahubwo ni ibizamini byo gukoresha: ese umukozi ashobora kuvuga akoresheje uturindantoki, ese icyuma gifata amajwi gishobora kumva binyuze mu cyuma gikoresha amajwi mu cyumba cyo kugenzura, kandi se igikoresho gishobora gukora iyo hari umuyaga n’imvura? Niba igikoresho kirimo indangururamajwi, yemeza ko cyahawe amanota yo kumva mu nganda aho gukoresha mu biro.

Mu mishinga imwe n'imwe, igisubizo nyacyo si telefoni isanzwe ikoreshwa mu nganda gusa, ahubwo ni telefoni ivanze ifite imikorere idakoresheje intoki, porogaramu ishobora gusohoka, cyangwa ihuzwa na sisitemu yo kohereza cyangwa gutabara. Ibyo biba ingenzi cyane cyane ku byambu bifite aho guhagarara ndende cyangwa ahantu hatandukanye aho abakora serivisi bakeneye guhuza byihuse badakoresheje menu zigoye.

Iyo ugereranya moderi, shakisha ibimenyetso by'uko uwakoze porogaramu yagerageje imvugo mu buryo busanzwe. Amahame arafasha hano:Imbuga za NIST zivuga ku majwi n'itumanahoni imfashanyigisho z'ingirakamaro zo gusobanukirwa impamvu urusaku, umuvuduko w'itumanaho, n'ubwiza bw'amajwi bigira ingaruka ku buryo ibintu byumvikana, nubwo ibisobanuro by'ibiciro byawe byandikwa ku byo porogaramu ikeneye aho kuba ibipimo bya laboratwari. Abacuruzi beza bahindura aya mahame mu buryo bw'ingirakamaro bwo gushushanya indangururamajwi, mikoro, n'imiterere y'aho ufungiye.

Igenzura ry’ishyirwaho rya telefoni mu nganda zirinda ikirere ku byambu na terminals

Ubwiza bw'aho wayishyize bushobora gutuma terefone inanirwa neza kandi terefone ntoya ikagira icyo igeraho.

Ku cyambu, aho terefone ishyirwa niho hagena ingano y'ikoreshwa nabi rya telefoni. Igikoresho gishyizwe ku burebure bw'imodoka gishobora gukubitwa cyane, mu gihe igikoresho gishyizwe hejuru cyane gishobora kugorana gukora mu gihe cy'impanuka. Agace gakwiye gutuma urukuta, inkingi, cyangwa inkingi bifatwa neza, kandi insinga zigomba gushyirwaho kugira ngo amazi adakurikiranwa neza mu mubiri. Insinga, inzira z'amazi, n'imitsi ikandagirana na gasket byose bigomba kugenzurwa mbere yo gutangira gukoreshwa.

Uburyo bwo kubungabunga ni ikindi kibazo gifatika. Iyo telefoni ikeneye ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo ifunguke, kugenzura buri gihe bigenda buhoro kandi bihenze cyane. Niba umugozi wa telefoni cyangwa keypad ari ahantu hazwi ho kwangirika, igishushanyo mbonera cya modular gishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kudakora. Mu gice kinini cy'itumanaho, iyo minota ihita ihurirana mu bice byinshi. Niyo mpamvu amakipe y'umushinga akunze guhitamo telefoni yo hanze ifite serivisi zisobanutse neza kandi ishobora gusimburwa byoroshye aho kuba igishushanyo mbonera gifunze kigoye kugenzura.

1. Emeza ko ubuso bwo gushyiramo bushobora gushyigikira igikoresho n'umutwaro uwo ari wo wose w'ingaruka uteganijwe aho giherereye.
2. Genzura niba insinga yinjiye ireba hasi cyangwa niba irinzwe n'amazi ahagaze.
3. Genzura ko igifuniko cyo kwinjira gishobora gufungurwa kugira ngo gisuzumwe nta kubangamira uburyo bwose bwo gushyiraho.
4. Gerageza ubuziranenge bw'ihamagara nyuma yo kuyishyiraho, atari ku ntebe gusa.
5. Andika aho ibintu biherereye n'igihe cyo kubibungabunga mu gihe cy'igenzura ritaha.

Iyo telefoni y'inganda irinda ikirere ikeneye kandi uburinzi bw'ahantu hashobora guteza akaga

Telefoni ishobora gukenera ibirenze kwirinda ikirere iyo ishyizwe hafi y’imyuka ishobora gushya, aho lisansi ijyanwa, cyangwa ahandi hantu hashobora guteza akaga.

Aha niho urujijo rukunze gutangirira. Gukingira ikirere birinda imvura n'ingese, ariko ntibikemura ikibazo cyo gushya mu buryo bwikora. Iyo igikoresho gishyirwa hafi y'ahantu hateje akaga, igikoresho cy'itumanaho gishobora gukenera inzira yo kurinda guturika, nka IECEx cyangwa indi gahunda yemewe yo kwemeza. Ibyo ni ingenzi cyane ku byuma bitwara lisansi, imiti, cyangwa imizigo ikora ivumbi. Telefoni isanzwe yo hanze ishobora kuba ikomeye kandi igakomeza kuba idakwiye mu rwego rw'umutekano.

Ku mishinga iteza akaga, itsinda rishinzwe kugura rigomba gutandukanya ibibazo bitatu: ese aho hantu hakenewe kwirinda imihindagurikire y'ikirere, ese hakeneye kurwanya kwangirika, kandi se hakeneye uburinzi bw'ibisasu? Ibyo birafitanye isano ariko ntibishobora guhindurwa. Isuzuma ry'amategeko rigomba gusuzuma ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'uturere, itsinda ry'ibikoresho, icyiciro cy'ubushyuhe, n'inyandiko z'impamyabushobozi mbere yo kugura. Niba igisubizo kitazwi neza, inzira yizewe ni ugusaba injeniyeri w'umutekano w'aho hantu hakiri kare aho kwishingikiriza ku bisobanuro rusange bya kataloge.

Uburyo bwo kugereranya amapaji y'ibicuruzwa mbere yo kugura telefoni yo hanze y'inganda

Kugereranya neza amapaji y'ibicuruzwa bizigama igihe kuko hari byinshi byangiritse bigaragara ku rupapuro rubigena niba uzi icyo ugomba kureba.

Tangira ureba niba urupapuro rugaragaza neza ibidukikije byagenewe. Umutanga serivisi mwiza azatandukanya ibyambu, ibyo mu mazi, inganda, ibyihutirwa, cyangwa ikoreshwa ry’ahantu hateje akaga aho kugerageza gukora icyitegererezo kimwe kigakora byose. Hanyuma urebe niba urupapuro rugaragaza uburyo bwo gushyiraho, urwego rwo kurinda, ubushyuhe bw’imikorere, n’uburyo bwo kubungabunga. Niba ibyo bisobanuro bibuze, ibicuruzwa bishobora gukomeza gukora, ariko ibyago byo kugura biriyongera.

Ku itsinda ry’abakora ku rubuga bashaka kwihuta, igereranya ry’imbere ry’umucuruzi ni ingenzi cyane. Urugero, igereranya rikomeye.ibikoresho by'itumanaho mu ngandaurupapuro rushobora gukwirakwira ku rubuga rwagutse, mu gihe urupapuro rwageneweincamake y'ibisubizobishobora gufasha porogaramu ikoreshwa ku ikarita, ndetse no gukoresha uburyo bwihariyeurupapuro rwo guhamagaraishobora gukoreshwa mu gusaba icyemezo cyangwa kwemeza ko umushinga wawe urimo ahantu hatunguranye, ikigo cyabugeneweumwirondoro w'ikigo or Urupapuro rw'ibibazo bikunze kubazwabishobora kandi kugufasha kugenzura ubushobozi bwa serivisi, inyandiko, n'uburyo bwo gusubiza mbere yo gutumiza.

Iryo gereranya ntirigomba guhagarara ku rurimi rwo kwamamaza. Telefoni y’inganda irinda ikirere ku byambu ikeneye ibimenyetso, kandi ibimenyetso bikomeye ni urupapuro rugaragaza ibikubiye muri iyo nyandiko ruhuza buri kimwe mu bivugwa n’ikizamini cyangwa igipimo gipimirwa. Niba urupapuro ruvuga ko iyi porogaramu ikwiriye gukoreshwa ku nkombe, ibaze niba bivuze kwemeza ikoreshwa ry’umunyu, ibikoresho birwanya ingese, cyangwa inzu isa n’aho ikomeye. Ibyo si ibintu bimwe.

Urutonde rw'ibikenewe kuri telefoni y'inganda idashobora kunyura mu kirere mu mishinga y'ibikoresho by'itumanaho bya port

Urutonde rw'ibikenewe mu gutanga amasoko ruhindura ubusabe budasobanutse neza bwa "terefone ikomeye" bukaba icyemezo cy'ubuhanga gikoreshwa.

• Emeza neza aho ibintu biherereye: irembo, aho abantu bahagarara, ububiko, aho binjirira mu cyumba cyo kugenzura, cyangwa ahantu hateje akaga.
• Huza igipimo cy’aho hantu hapfundikiye n’aho hahurira: IP66 ku ipfapfa rikomeye, IP67 niba bishoboka ko umuntu yinjiza cyangwa akahasukura by’agateganyo.
• Reba neza ko nta ngaruka mbi zirimo: aho ibintu biherereye, imisumari, udupfunyika, n'ibirango byose bigomba kuba bikwiriye ikirere cyo mu mazi.
• Gerageza amajwi mu gihe cy'urusaku rw'aho hantu, atari mu cyumba gituje gusa.
• Genzura ko gushyiramo ibikoresho, uburyo bwo kubigeraho, n'uko ibikoresho bisigaye biboneka.
• Gutandukanya uburyo bwo kwirinda ikirere n'uburyo bwo kurinda ibisasu niba imiterere y'akarere isaba ko bikorwa.

Uburyo bumwe bw'ingirakamaro bwo gutekereza ku kugura ni ikiguzi cy'ubuzima. Terefone ifite igiciro kiri hejuru gato mbere ishobora kuba ihendutse niba yirinze guhamagara kenshi, amazi akagwa, cyangwa kwangirika kw'amashusho bitewe n'ibikoresho byangiritse. Mu mikorere ya port, ikiguzi cy'icyuma cyapfuye si igice cyo gusimbuza gusa; kirimo igihe cyo gutakaza igisubizo, gusura tekiniki, ndetse n'ingaruka zo kutabasha kugera ku muntu ukwiye vuba.

Amakosa akunze kugaragara mu kugura terefone yo hanze y'inganda

Ikosa rikunze kugaragara ni ugufata "uburyo bwo kwirinda imihindagurikire y'ikirere" nk'ingwate imwe aho gufata nk'uburinzi butandukanye.

Abaguzi bakunze kwibanda ku gipfunyika bakirengagiza ibintu bibanza kwangirika: insinga z’amashanyarazi, umuyoboro w’indangururamajwi, kwangirika kw’amabaruwa, no kwangirika kw’ibikoresho. Irindi kosa rikunze kubaho ni uguhitamo moderi batabanje kugenzura niba sisitemu y’amajwi ijyanye n’urwego rw’urusaku rw’aho hantu. Icya gatatu ni ugukoresha telefoni isanzwe yo mu nganda ahantu hateje akaga aho icyemezo gikenewe. Ayo makosa arahenze kuko aboneka gusa nyuma yo gushyirwaho, iyo gusimbuza bigoye kandi igihe cyo kudakora kikaba ari cyo cy’ingenzi cyane.

Hari n'ikosa ryo kwandika. Hari igihe amakipe agura ibikoresho bikwiye ariko akananirwa kubika ibipimo ngenderwaho by'igerageza, ifoto yo gushyiraho, na gahunda yo kubungabunga. Ibyo bitera ibibazo nyuma iyo urubuga rugomba kugaragaza ko rwujuje ibisabwa, cyane cyane ku mishinga igenzurwa cyangwa amasezerano y'ibikorwa remezo rusange.

Gahunda y'ibyemezo bya nyuma byo guhitamo telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda zirinda imihindagurikire y'ikirere

Terefone ikoreshwa mu nganda irinda ikirere ku byambu ni ijyanye n'ibidukikije, inshingano z'itumanaho, n'ibisabwa kugira ngo ikurikize amategeko.

Niba igikoresho kizaba kiri ahantu hasanzwe hagaragara, shyira imbere amanota ya IP, kurwanya ingese, no gukora neza. Niba kigomba gukora mu gice cy'itumanaho gifite urusaku, shyira imbere ubushobozi bwo kumva amajwi no gukoresha neza nta minwe. Niba kiri hafi y'ikirere gishyuha, ongeramo uburinzi bwemewe bw'ahantu hashobora guteza akaga ku rutonde rw'ibikenewe. Muri buri gihe, saba ibimenyetso birambuye, ntabwo ari ibisobanuro by'umusaruro gusa. Ubwo buryo bugabanya ibyago by'umushinga kandi bufasha telefoni gukomeza kuba igikoresho cy'itumanaho aho kuba umutwaro wo kubungabunga.

Ku baguzi, ikibazo cyizewe ni iki: ni iki kizaba cyarabanje kwangirika muri aka gace, kandi se ibicuruzwa byagenwe kugira ngo bikomeze kubaho muri ubwo buryo bwo kwangirika? Niba igisubizo kigaragara, kugura ibintu akenshi biba biri mu nzira nziza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iyihe karita ya IP ikwiriye telefoni y'inganda irinda ikirere ku cyambu?

IP66 ni urwego rukomeye rw'imvura nyinshi n'amazi, mu gihe IP67 ari nziza niba bishoboka ko umuntu yinjira mu mazi by'agateganyo, akajya mu bwato cyangwa kumesa amazi mu buryo bukabije. Guhitamo neza biterwa n'aho hantu habera, ntabwo biterwa n'ururimi rw'ubucuruzi.

Ese telefoni y'inganda irinda ikirere irahagije mu gace karimo akaga?

Oya. Gukingira ikirere birinda ubushuhe n'umukungugu, ariko ahantu hateje akaga hashobora gusaba uburinzi bw'ibisasu no kwemezwa hakurikijwe gahunda nka IECEx cyangwa amategeko y'aho hantu asa.

Kuki kurwanya ingese ari ingenzi cyane mu mishinga y'ibikoresho by'itumanaho bya port?

Umwotsi w'umunyu wibasira ibifunga, udupfunyika, ibirango, n'icyuma cyambaye ubusa. Terefone ishobora gukomeza gukora mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi mu gihe ibikoresho biyikikije byangiritse, birekura, cyangwa bikagorana kuyitunganya.

Ni iki nakora nyuma yo gushyiramo telefoni yo hanze mu nganda?

Gerageza uburyo bwo guhamagara busobanutse, gufata mikoro, ingano y'indangururamajwi, icyerekezo cy'amazi ava mu muyoboro, uburyo bwo kuyakoresha, ndetse niba aho ashyirwa haguma neza nyuma yo kuyakoresha bwa mbere.

Ese telefoni isanzwe yo mu nganda ishobora gukora hanze iyo iri munsi y'igisenge?

Hari igihe, ariko gusa iyo ibidukikije birinzwe by’ukuri n’amazi, umukungugu, n’ibintu byangiza. Gukingira igice akenshi bigabanya ibyago ariko ntibibikuraho.

Nagereranya nte ubwoko bubiri bwa telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda zirinda ikirere neza?

Gereranya amanota ya IP, sisitemu y'ibikoresho, kwemeza ingese, igishushanyo mbonera cy'amajwi, urugero rw'ubushyuhe, uburyo bwo gushyiraho, n'uburyo bwo kubona serivisi ukoresheje urubuga rumwe kuri ibyo bicuruzwa byombi.

Ni iyihe ngingo ikomeye ihishe mu gushyiraho telefoni zo hanze mu nganda?

Kwinjira no gufunga insinga akenshi ni byo bintu bigora cyane kuko ahantu heza ho gufunga hashobora kwangirika iyo amazi anyuze mu ruhu, mu gasket, cyangwa mu gice cyo gushyiramo insinga.