Ni ibihe bibazo telefoni ya videwo ishobora gukemura mu mutekano w'inganda?

• Telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda zigabanya kwishingikiriza ku bushishozi bw'amajwi gusa binyuze mu kongeramo uburyo bwo kugenzura amashusho.
• Ni ingirakamaro cyane aho kugenzura uburyo bwo kwinjira, gutabara mu buryo bwihutirwa, no kwandika impanuka bigomba gukorwa vuba.
• Guhitamo bigomba gushyira imbere amanota y’ibidukikije, uburyo bwo gushyiraho, ubushobozi bwo kumva amajwi, no guhuza sisitemu.
• Ku mishinga y'inganda, kwizerwa no kubungabunga imikorere ni ingenzi kuruta urutonde rw'ibintu bikoreshwa mu buryo bw'abaguzi.

Telefoni ikoresha videwo mu nganda si ecran ifite kamera gusa; ni igikoresho cy’itumanaho ry’umutekano cyagenewe gushyigikira kugenzura kure mu bidukikije bikomeye cyangwa bigenzurwa, aho itumanaho rigomba gukomeza kuba ryizewe mu gihe cy’urusaku, ikirere, gutinda, cyangwa kwinjira mu buryo bubujijwe. Mu nganda, ndetse no gutinda gato mu kwemeza umwirondoro cyangwa aho hantu bishobora guteza akaga mu mikorere, bityo amakipe y’abahanga akunze gushaka ahantu hakomeye, inzira z’amajwi zihamye, no kubahiriza amategeko byemejwe. Ku bw’ibyo, kurinda IP67 bivuze ko ifu idapfa kuvunguka kandi ikarinda kwibira mu mazi agera kuri metero 1 mu gihe cy’iminota 30 munsi y’amazi.IECibitekerezo by’inyongera bishingiye ku nganda, mu gihe ibisabwa mu kuzenguruka no kwizerwa bikunze gusuzumwa hamwe n’amahame nkaISO 9001inzira nziza kandiNISTuburyo bwo gupima. Niba ugereranya sisitemu zihujwe, impapuro zijyanye na zo nkaibicuruzwa, terefone zo mu nganda, naInterikomu zo kugenzura ubwinjirirogaragaza uburyo ingero zitandukanye z'imikoreshereze zihuza imiterere itandukanye y'ibikoresho.

Ni ibihe bibazo telefoni y'inganda ikemura mu bikorwa by'umutekano?

Telefoni ikoresha videwo mu nganda ibanza gukemura ikibazo cy'umwirondoro hanyuma ikibazo cy'itumanaho kigakemuka.

Mu nzu y'irembo, sitasiyo, aho imodoka zipakira imizigo zipakira imizigo, cyangwa aho imodoka zipakira imizigo zihagarara, ijwi ryonyine rishobora kuyobya kuko abakoresha ntibashobora kumenya buri gihe niba uhamagaye ari umukozi, umushyitsi, rwiyemezamirimo, cyangwa umujura. Ishusho igaragara yemerera itsinda ry'abashinzwe umutekano kwemeza amakarita, imyenda y'akazi, aho imodoka iherereye, aho umuryango uherereye, cyangwa ndetse n'ibyago bigaragara mbere yo gufungura uruzitiro cyangwa abakozi bohereza. Niyo mpamvu kugenzura kure birushaho gufatwa nk'igice cy'uruhererekane rw'ibyemezo, atari nk'ikintu cyiza cyo kugira.

Binakemura ikibazo cy'uko "mu by'ukuri hari ikiba ubu?".

Iyo itsinda rishinzwe gutanga amakuru ku kibazo, aho abantu bahamagara mu buryo bwihutirwa, cyangwa intercom, ritanga raporo ku byabaye, abakozi b'umutekano bakunze gukenera amakuru mbere yo kugira icyo bakora: Ese ahantu hafunzwe? Ese hari umwotsi, amazi, cyangwa ikibazo cy'uburwayi? Ese uhamagaye avuga aherereye ahantu heza? Videwo ituma ibi byihuta mu kubisuzuma, kandi mu nganda nyinshi, umuvuduko w'amajwi ni wo uruta ireme ryuzuye ry'amajwi. Niba urubuga rufite urusaku, kwemeza hakoreshejwe kamera bishobora gukumira guhamagara amajwi kenshi no kugabanya ubwumvikane buke buterwa n'amajwi ku mashini, cyangwa uburyo bwo kunyuranya na radiyo.

Amaherezo, ikemura ikibazo cy'inyandiko.

Amatsinda y’umutekano n’abafite imishinga bakunze gukenera ibimenyetso byo kugenzura, iperereza ku byabaye, no kutumvikana ku bijyanye no kugenzura aho ibintu bigeze. Igikorwa cyo gutumanaho hakoreshejwe videwo biroroshye gusuzuma kuruta guhamagara ijwi gusa kuko kibungabunga imiterere y’amashusho nk’aho hantu nyaho, imiterere y’umuryango cyangwa irembo, n’uko hari abakozi bagifasha. Ku bidukikije bigenzurwa, ibi birushaho kunoza uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibintu kandi bigafasha mu isuzuma rikomeye nyuma y’ibikorwa.

Impamvu kugenzura amashusho kure bivuze byinshi kuruta itumanaho ry'amajwi gusa

Gusuzuma amashusho hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bigabanya ubushishozi mu gihe cyo gufata icyemezo.

Gucika intege mu itumanaho akenshi si ukunanirwa burundu; ni ukunanirwa igice aho umuyoboro w'amajwi ukora ariko umukoresha aracyafite icyizere gihagije cyo kugira icyo akora. Icyo cyuho kirahenze. Umushyitsi ashobora kuba ategereje ku irembo ritari ryo, inzogera ishobora guterwa n'uburyo budakwiye, cyangwa ubusabe bwo kwinjira bushobora guturuka ku muntu udafite uburenganzira bukwiye. Videwo ifunga icyo cyuho ireka umukoresha akabona aho hantu mbere yo kwemerera kwinjira, kongera impanuka, cyangwa kohereza amarondo.

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane mu mishinga aho igihe cyo gusubiza gifitanye isano n'ibyavuye mu mutekano.

Urugero, ubuyobozi bw'itumanaho ryihutirwa mu nzego rusange n'inganda burushaho gushimangira uburyo bwo gusubiza byihuse, byumvikana, kandi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga. Isomo rifatika ni uko iyo umukozi abonye aho ibintu bibera, igisubizo cya mbere akenshi kiba cyiza kurushaho. Mu nganda zikora urusaku, abakora bashobora kandi gukoresha umuyoboro wa videwo kugira ngo bahuze isura n'ikirango, imodoka ifite itegeko ryo gukora, cyangwa agace k'imashini gafite uruhushya rwo kubungabunga. Ibyo bigabanya kohereza ibintu bitari ngombwa kandi bikanoza ireme ry'ibyemezo.

Igenzura ry’amashusho naryo rifite akamaro mu mikorere yo kugenzura uburyo bwo kwinjira.

Ku irembo rifite abakozi, telefoni ikoresha videwo ishobora gukora nk'ahantu ho kugenzura imbere mbere yuko irembo rizunguruka, urugi runyerera, cyangwa irembo ry'inzitizi rirekurwa. Ahantu hatari abashinzwe umutekano, ishobora guhuza uhamagaye n'icyumba cyo kugenzura kure kugira ngo ireberweho imbonankubone. Muri ubwo buryo bwombi, intego si ukugenzura ku bw'inyungu zayo; intego ni ugutuma icyemezo cyose cyo gusohora kiba icyo kwirindwa kandi kidashingiye ku kwibuka cyangwa gukeka.

Ikoreshwa rya telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda mu bijyanye n'umutekano, kugenzura uburyo abantu binjira, no gutabara mu gihe cy'impanuka

Telefoni ikora amashusho mu nganda ikora neza cyane iyo iri mu mutekano mugari.

Mu kugenzura uburyo bwo kwinjira, ishobora kugenzura abashyitsi bari ku nkengero z'umuhanda, kwemeza umwirondoro w'umukozi, no kugabanya ibyago byo kumanuka inyuma y'umuhanda ireka umukozi ukorera kure akabona usaba kwinjira. Mu rwego rwo gutabara byihutirwa, ishobora guhuza umuntu uhamagaye ufite ikibazo n'icyumba cyo kugenzura kugira ngo abashinzwe gutanga amakuru bashobore kumenya niba igikorwa ari icy'ubuvuzi, ikoranabuhanga, cyangwa umutekano. Mu byumba by'ibikoresho n'ububiko, ishobora gufasha kugenzura amakamyo, guhuza imitwaro y'imodoka, no kugenzura irembo nyuma y'amasaha y'akazi. Mu bikorwa remezo by'ingenzi, ishobora gutanga uburyo bworoshye ariko bwizewe bwo kuvugana mu gihe cy'ibikorwa bibujijwe kugeramo.

Hasi hari uburyo bufatika bwo kugereranya igikoresho n'ikibazo gikemura.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha igikoresho akenshi buhuza igikoresho na porogaramu yo kugenzura ubwinjiriro bw'amakuru, CCTV, cyangwa ikigo cy'umutekano.

Uko guhuza ni ingenzi kuko aho umurongo uhagarara wihariye uba ingirakamaro gusa iyo umukozi ashobora gukora ku makuru. Muri sisitemu zakozwe neza, buto yo guhamagara, umurongo wa kamera, na logique yo kurekura umuryango birahuzwa bityo imikorere ntitandukanyizwe mu ma ecran menshi cyane. Niyo mpamvu ba nyiri imishinga benshi bakunda imiterere y'itumanaho ihuriweho kuruta ibikoresho bidafite aho bihuriye bifite inzira zitandukanye zo kubungabunga.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo igikoresho cy'itumanaho ry'umutekano ku nganda

Igikoresho gikwiye ni icyo kigumana imiterere y'urubuga kandi kigakomeza gutanga itumanaho risobanutse neza igihe bikenewe.

Guhitamo bigomba gutangirira ku bidukikije, ntabwo ari ingano ya ecran. Igikoresho gikoreshwa mu cyumba cy'isuku gifite ibikoresho bitandukanye n'ibikenewe mu isuku ugereranije n'igikoreshwa ku irembo ryo hanze rihura n'imvura, umunyu, imirasire ya UV, n'ubushyuhe. Mu bice biteje akaga, impungenge ku bwiherero n'ibyemezo byiyongera cyane kuko aho itumanaho rikorera ubwaryo ritagomba guteza ibyago. Urugero, ibyemezo by'ibikoresho bihurira n'ahantu hateje akaga akenshi byerekeza ku mahame n'uburyo bwo kwemeza ibikoresho nkaASTM E2079ku buryo bwo gushyira mu byiciro mu bihe runaka n'andi mategeko agenga itangwa ry'ibimenyetso akoreshwa n'abayobozi b'uturere. Kugira ngo habeho kuramba hanze, kurinda kwinjira no kurwanya ingese akenshi ni ingenzi kuruta ibirego by'ubuziranenge bw'amashusho nk'uko abaguzi babivuga.

Imikorere y'amajwi ni ikindi kintu kidasubirwaho.

Umutekano w’inganda ukunze kubaho aho urusaku rw’inyuma rurenze imiterere isanzwe y’ibiro, kandi ubushobozi bwo kumva neza imvugo bukaba ari bwo bupimwa. Ikibazo si ukumenya niba igikoresho gishobora guhamagara; ahubwo ni ukumenya niba umukoresha ashobora kumva umuntu uhamagaye ufite stress ku nshuro ya mbere. Muri izi genamiterere, kugenzura ijwi, ubushobozi bwo kumva mikoro, ijwi risohoka, n’aho umuntu ashyira amashusho yose ni bimwe mu bigize icyemezo cyo gushushanya. Ishusho ikomeye ya videwo ntishobora kwishyura amajwi atumvikana.

Guhuza ibikorwa nabyo ni ingenzi cyane.

Amatsinda y’imishinga agomba kugenzura niba sisitemu ishyigikira umuyoboro wa IP usanzweho, ibidukikije bya SIP, uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere, cyangwa urubuga rwo gucunga amashusho. Bagomba kandi kwemeza uburyo bw’amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo kuyakoresha mu kubungabunga, uburyo ibice bisigaye biboneka, ndetse niba igikoresho cyoroshye bihagije ku buryo abatekinisiye bo mu murima bashobora kugikorera badahagaritse akazi igihe kirekire. Amahitamo meza y’umushinga ni agabanya ubwinshi bw’ibibazo mu buzima, atari ubwiza bugaragara neza muri kataloge.

Ni ibihe bipimo by'ingenzi cyane muri telefoni ikoreshwa mu nganda?

Ubwiza bw'ibipimo ni ingenzi cyane kuruta umubare w'ibiranga umutwe w'ibipimo.

Ku baguzi b'inganda, ibipimo by'ingirakamaro cyane ni ibifitanye isano n'imiterere nyayo y'imikorere: amanota y'aho umuntu akorera, ubushyuhe bw'imikorere, aho kamera ireba, amajwi asohoka, umuyoboro uhamye, no kwihanganira imbaraga. Igikoresho gifite kamera ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru ariko ifunga neza ikirere gishobora kwangirika vuba kurusha icyuma cyo hasi cyubatswe ku rubuga. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ecran nziza ni ingirakamaro gusa iyo aho ishyirwa hatuma ireba neza kandi ikora neza.

Imibare ikoreshwa mu gupima ifasha amakipe kugereranya amahitamo nta gukekeranya.

Uburinzi bw'ingress bukunze kugaragazwa hakoreshejwe ibitekerezo bya IEC 60529, aho IP66 igaragaza uburinzi budafata ivumbi no kurwanya imiyoboro ikomeye y'amazi, mu gihe IP67 igaragaza uburinzi budafata ivumbi no kurwanya amazi mu buryo bw'agateganyo. Mu isi yo gukora no gupima, ubushobozi bwo gukora akenshi bushingira ku buryo bwo kwihanganira ibintu nka ± 0.005 mm, ariko ku bikoresho by'itumanaho by'inganda, kimwe n'uburyo bwo gukora ni ukwizerwa mu gihe cy'ibibazo by'ibidukikije aho kuba ukwizerwa ku rwego rwa micron. Ku ruhande rw'itumanaho, sisitemu nyinshi zakozwe zishingiye ku miterere isanzwe ya Ethernet na SIP kuko byoroshye guhuza no kubungabunga mu gihe kirekire.

Koresha imbonerahamwe iri hepfo nk'uburyo bwihuse bwo kugereranya tekiniki.

Kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo gupima ku buryo bwemewe, abahanga mu by’imishinga bakunze guhuza uburyo ibikoresho bitoranywa n’uburyo bwo gusuzuma bwanditse n’ubuziranenge aho guhuza ibirego by’ibintu bimwe. Iyo ni imwe mu mpamvu abaguzi b’inganda babaza ibijyanye n’inyandiko, atari ingano gusa.

Uburyo telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda zifasha mu gufata ibyemezo byo kuzigeraho mu buryo bwizewe

Telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda zinoza ibyemezo byo kwinjira mu ikoranabuhanga binyuze mu gutuma icyemezo kigaragara.

Kwinjira si ugufungura umuryango gusa; ni ugusuzuma niba umuntu, imodoka, cyangwa icyifuzo bihuye n'amategeko y'urubuga. Aho itumanaho rikoresha videwo ryemerera umugenzuzi kwemeza umwirondoro we, kureba imyitwarire iteye amakenga, no kugenzura ko ibidukikije bikikije aho winjirira ari byiza bihagije kugira ngo bisohorwe. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane aho amakarita ashobora gusangirwa, abashyitsi bashobora kuhagera mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa amarembo menshi agatera urujijo mu gihe cy'ibikorwa byinshi.

Videwo kandi yongera imbaraga mu bijyanye no kuzamura imikorere y'ibitekerezo.

Iyo umuntu uhamagaye asa n'uwakomeretse, wataye umutwe, cyangwa udashobora gukurikiza amabwiriza asanzwe, icyumba cyo kugenzura gishobora kohereza ikibazo ku muyobozi, umurinzi, cyangwa umuntu uhamagara mu buryo bwihutirwa. Iyo umuntu uhamagaye ari umuntu wemewe ariko ahantu hakikije hakagaragara nk'aho hadasanzwe, nko kumwotsi, inzitizi zacitse, cyangwa inzira yafunzwe, umukozi ashobora kubuza kwinjira no kwihuta. Ubwo buryo bwo gufata icyemezo buragoye cyane kubikora ukoresheje ijwi gusa.

Mu by’ukuri, imbuga zikomeye zihuza igenzura ry’amashusho n’uburyo bwo gusubiza busobanutse.

1. Genzura umwirondoro w'uwahamagaye cyangwa imodoka.
2. Reba aho hantu hakikije niba hari ibyago cyangwa ibintu bidasanzwe.
3. Emeza niba ubusabe bwo kwinjira buhuye n'itegeko ry'akazi cyangwa ingengabihe.
4. Kurekura, guhagarika, cyangwa kongera ingufu hakurikijwe politiki y'urubuga.
5. Andika igikorwa kugira ngo gisuzumwe kandi gisuzumwe.

Iyo gahunda y'akazi igabanya amahirwe yo gufata ibyemezo byihuse kandi ikanoza ubwumvikane mu bihe byose.

Ni izihe mbogamizi za sisitemu za videwo z'inganda?

Telefoni ikoreshwa mu nganda ifite imbaraga, ariko ntabwo isimbura imiterere yuzuye y'umutekano.

Ntibishobora gusimbura inzitizi zifatika, amarondo, uburyo bwo kubuza amakuru, cyangwa uburyo bwo kugenzura umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga. Iyo umuyoboro udahamye, agaciro ko kugenzura amashusho kagabanuka vuba. Iyo kamera ihagaze nabi, umukozi ashobora kubura inguni ikwiye yo gufata icyemezo. Niba urubuga rudafite uburyo bwo kwemeza umuntu ushobora kurukoresha, igikoresho gishobora guhinduka ikindi kintu gitera urujijo aho kuba ahantu ho kugenzura.

Ubuzima bwite n'ubuyobozi nabyo ni ingenzi.

Sisitemu iyo ari yo yose ifata amashusho ku mpamvu z'umutekano igomba gukurikiza politiki y'aho ikorera, amategeko yo mu gace, n'amategeko agenga ububiko. Ibyo birimo abashobora kureba amashusho, igihe inyandiko zibikwa, n'uburyo amakuru y'ibyabaye yoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo akoreshwe iperereza. Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyira mu bikorwa ibi bikorwa mu nganda butuma aya mategeko agaragara kuva ku munsi wa mbere kugira ngo sisitemu ikomeze kuba ingirakamaro kandi yizewe.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy’umuntu gikomeza kuba ingenzi.

Ndetse n'ibikoresho byiza cyane birananirwa iyo ababikora badatojwe kubaza ibibazo bikwiye cyangwa niba inzira yo gukoresha aho hantu itinda cyane ku buryo ikoreshwa mu gihe hari igitutu. Videwo igomba gushyigikira gufata ibyemezo, aho kubisimbura.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha telefoni ikoreshwa mu nganda

Gushyira ahagaragara neza bitangirira ku gushushanya akazi, ntabwo ari ugushyiraho ibikoresho.

Ubwa mbere, gena igihe cyo gukoresha: gusaba kwinjira, guhamagara byihutirwa, kugenzura rwiyemezamirimo, cyangwa kwinjira nyuma y'amasaha y'akazi. Ubwa kabiri, menya uwafashe icyemezo n'inzira yo gusubira inyuma niba umukoresha adahari. Ubwa gatatu, shyira igikoresho aho kamera ishobora kubona isura, imodoka, cyangwa ahantu hakenewe. Ubwa kane, gerageza amajwi neza munsi y'urusaku rw'aho hantu aho kuba mu biro bituje. Ubwa gatanu, inzira zo kubungabunga inyandiko, uburyo bwo gusukura, n'ibyo abantu biteze ku bice by'inyuma mbere yo gutanga.

Urutonde rw'ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'umushinga ruri hepfo nirwo amakipe menshi yibagirwa kugeza igihe atangiye gukora.

• Emeza ko umuyoboro n'amashanyarazi bihari aho ushyira ingufu.
• Emeza inguni ya kamera ukurikije inzira nyayo yo kugera.
• Gerageza kureba neza nijoro no kugenzura urumuri.
• Genzura ko amajwi ahora asobanutse neza mu gihe cy'imikorere y'imashini.
• Andika abashobora kwemeza uburenganzira bwo kwinjira n'abashobora gusuzuma ububiko.
• Reba igihe cyo gusukura, gufunga no kugenzura.

Iyo izo ngingo zivuzweho, igikoresho kirushaho koroha kwizera ibihe by'ingenzi.

Ku baguzi b'inganda bagereranya imiryango y'ibicuruzwa, amapaji nkaterefone zo mu nganda, telefoni zo kwinjira ku muryango, natelefoni zihutirwafasha gutandukanya uburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo abantu binjira, umutekano rusange, n'uburyo bwo gukoresha itumanaho mu gihe cy'impanuka. Iryo tandukaniro ni ingenzi kuko buri cyiciro gikemura ikibazo gitandukanye mu mikorere, nubwo icyo gihome gisa.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iyihe nyungu nyamukuru ya telefoni ikoreshwa mu nganda ikoreshwa mu bucuruzi?

Inyungu nyamukuru ni igenzura ry’amashusho riri kure, rituma abakozi b’umutekano bemeza umwirondoro n’imiterere y’aho hantu mbere yo gufata icyemezo.

Ni hehe telefoni ikoreshwa mu nganda ifasha cyane?

Ni ingirakamaro cyane ku marembo, ku binjiriro bito, ku byambu byo gupakira imizigo, ku masitesiyo, no ku mahamagara yihutirwa aho ibyemezo byo kwinjira cyangwa gusubiza bigomba kuba byihuse kandi bitunganye.

Telefoni ikoresha videwo yo mu nganda itandukanye gute na telefoni isanzwe ikoresha videwo?

Telefoni ikoreshwa mu nganda ikoreshwa mu gukora amashusho akenshi ikoreshwa mu gukurura ibidukikije bikomeye, ikenera cyane kuyishyiraho, kandi ikoreshwa neza na sisitemu z'umutekano kurusha telefoni ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga.

Ese videwo yasimbura amajwi mu itumanaho ry’umutekano?

Oya. Amajwi aracyafite ubusabe, amabwiriza, n'ibisobanuro birambuye byo kongera ubwikorezi, mu gihe videwo yongeraho amakuru akenewe kugira ngo harebwe uko ibintu bimeze.

Ni iki ngomba gusuzuma mbere yo kugura imwe?

Reba uburyo bwo kurinda kwinjira, ubushyuhe bw'imikorere, uburyo amajwi asobanutse, uburyo umuyoboro uhura, uburyo bwo gushyiramo, n'uburyo serivisi ishoboka.

Ese bishobora gufasha mu gihe cyihutirwa?

Yego. Bifasha abakora akazi kubona niba igikorwa runaka gifitanye isano n'ubuvuzi, ikoranabuhanga, cyangwa umutekano, ibyo bigatuma uburyo bwo kugitwara burushaho kuba bwiza no kohereza neza.

Kuki kwishyira hamwe ari ingenzi cyane?

Guhuza igikoresho ni ingenzi kuko kigomba gukorana n'uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere y'ikigo, CCTV, cyangwa imikorere y'icyumba cyo kugenzura; bitabaye ibyo kiba ahantu hatandukanye ho gutumanaho.

Muri make, telefoni ikoresha videwo mu nganda ikemura ikibazo cy’umutekano cyo kutamenya neza. Inoza kugenzura umwirondoro, yihutisha kugenzura amashusho, ikomeza kugenzura ibyabaye, kandi igashyiraho amateka meza y’ibyabaye. Ku baguzi b’inganda, amahitamo yatsinze si ayo afite imiterere myinshi, ahubwo ni ayo ajyanye n’urubuga, agakomeza ibidukikije, kandi agashyirwa mu bikorwa neza mu mutekano.