Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'umuvugizi wa PA n'umuvugizi wa Horn?

Umuvugizi wa PA vs Umuvugizi wa Horn: Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi

Mu nganda zikora amajwi n'amatangazo ku bwinshi, amagambo ajyanye n'imashini zikoresha amajwi akenshi ashobora kuba intandaro y'urujijo. Ijambo "umuvugizi wa PA" (PA speaker)Umuvugizi w'Itangazo rusange) ikunze gukoreshwa nk'izina ry'indangururamajwi iyo ari yo yose ihujwe na sisitemu y'amajwi ikwirakwijwe. Nubwo inganda nini z'amajwi zikoresha "indangururamajwi ya PA" mu gusobanura ahantu hose ho gushimangira amajwi—harimo n'ibikoresho by'ibitaramo byuzuye amajwi—mu majwi akwirakwizwa mu bucuruzi, akenshi yerekeza ku ndangururamajwi ikwirakwizwa mu buryo butaziguye. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y'indangururamajwi ya PA ikwirakwizwa mu buryo butaziguye n'indangururamajwi ya horn ni ingenzi ku bakora AV, abahanga mu by'amajwi, n'abayobozi b'ibigo bafite inshingano zo gushushanya sisitemu zujuje ubusobanuro bwihariye (akenshi zibanda ku gipimo cyo kohereza imvugo cya >0.50), uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza, n'ibisabwa mu bidukikije.

Itandukaniro ry’ingenzi hagati y’izi koranabuhanga zombi riri mu buryo bwazo bwo kohereza amajwi hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi n’uburyo bwo guhuza amajwi n’umwuka ukikije. Indangururamajwi isanzwe ya PA ikoresha umushoferi w’ikirahure ugenda ushyirwa mu gipangu gifunze cyangwa gifunze. Iyi miterere itanga ijwi mu buryo butaziguye mu bidukikije, ishyira imbere igisubizo cyagutse (ubusanzwe kuva kuri 60 Hz kugeza kuri 20.000 Hz) n’uburyo bwo guhuza ijwi natural tonal. Mu buryo bunyuranye, indangururamajwi ikoresha umushoferi wihariye uhujwe n’umuyoboro w’amajwi ugurumana (ihoni). Iyi miterere ikora nk'ihinduramajwi, ihuza impedance nini ya diaphragm y’umushoferi n’impedance ntoya y’umwuka ukikije. Ibi byongera imikorere myiza ya electro-acoustic, nubwo akenshi bigabanya ikwirakwizwa rya frequency nke (akenshi rigenda cyane munsi ya 300 Hz).

Ku bashushanya sisitemu, guhitamo hagati y’indangururamajwi ya PA n’indangururamajwi ya horn ni ukubara hashingiwe ku mbogamizi zifatika z’aho ikoreshwa. Icyemezo gishingiye ku rwego rw’umuvuduko w’amajwi (SPL) rukenewe, urusaku rwo mu kirere, intera ikenewe yo gutambuka, n’ibirimo by’ingenzi bitangazwa—byaba ari umuziki wuzuye inyuma, amajwi y’ingenzi, cyangwa amajwi yo guhunga mu gihe cy’impanuka.

Intego nyamukuru n'uburyo amajwi akoreshwa

Intego nyamukuru y'indangururamajwi gakondo ya PA ni ugutanga amajwi meza cyane mu buryo bwagutse. Ibi bituma ishobora kongera kugaragaza utuntu tw'umuziki wafashwe ndetse n'ijwi ry'umuntu. Kubera ko indangururamajwi zisanzwe za PA zishingira ku duce duto dutanga imirasire, amajwi yazo akunze kuba manini kandi afite ishusho y'urukiramende, akenshi agakwirakwiza amajwi ku nguni ziri hagati ya 90° na 120°. Uku gukwirakwira kwagutse bigira akamaro cyane mu gutwikira ahantu hafite amajwi amwe, iyo uburebure bw'igisenge (cyangwa metero 8 kugeza kuri 14) n'amajwi acungwa neza.

Indangururamajwi zo mu ihoni, ku rundi ruhande, zakozwe kugira ngo zigaragare neza kandi zigere ku buryo bworoshye. Inshingano yazo y'ibanze ni ugutanga amajwi yumvikana neza, akozwe mu ntera ndende cyangwa mu bidukikije bifite urusaku rukomeye. Umucyo w'ihoni ugena imiterere y'urujya n'uruza, ubusanzwe uba muto cyane kandi ugenzurwa cyane—akenshi uba ugenzurwa kuri dogere 60 kuri dogere 40 cyangwa ukabije, bigatuma habaho Directivity (Q) factor iri hagati ya 10 na 15. Ubu buyobozi bwibanda ku mbaraga z'amajwi mu rumuri runaka, bigabanye amajwi asohoka mu bice bidakenewe kandi bikagabanya gushyuha kw'amajwi mu bidukikije bitanga amajwi menshi.

Porogaramu zisanzwe zo gushyira aderesi rusange no gushyira paji ku rubuga

Mu buryo bufatika, indangururamajwi zisanzwe za PA akenshi ni zo zikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe mu bidukikije aho ireme ry'amajwi, guhuza ubwiza, no gukwirakwizwa kw'amajwi y'ijwi riri hagati ya 70 na 85 dB ari byo ntego z'ibanze. Indangururamajwi zikoresha indangururamajwi za PA zishyirwa hejuru, zizunguruka, n'iziri hejuru cyane mu maduka, mu byumba by'inama by'ibigo, ahantu ho kwakira abashyitsi, no mu bigo by'amashuri. Muri ibi bihe, sisitemu igomba guhindura mu buryo butajegajega hagati yo gutanga umuziki udasanzwe (BGM) no gukwirakwiza amajwi mu buryo bwumvikana kandi busanzwe.

Indangururamajwi zikunze kugenwa mu nganda, hanze, no mu mutekano w’ubuzima aho ijwi ritagaragara n’uburyo bwo kurokoka bisimbura umuziki. Zisanzwe mu mbuga za gari ya moshi, hasi mu nganda, ku bibuga by’imikino, no mu buryo bwo kuburira abantu mu gihe cy’impanuka mu mujyi. Mu nganda zikora urusaku ruri hagati ya 85 na 90 dB (A), indangururamajwi zisanzwe za PA akenshi zigwa cyangwa zigatsindwa zigerageza gutsinda urusaku. Ariko, indangururamajwi zisanzwe zishobora gukora byoroshye umusaruro wa 105 na 115 dB (A) ukenewe kugira ngo hagerwe ku gipimo cy’urusaku hagati ya +10 dB na +15 dB kugira ngo hamenyekane neza.gushakisha amakuru yihutirwaNi ngombwa kumenya ko uku gutandukana kw'imbere n'inyuma atari ukuri; indangururamajwi za PA zirwanya ikirere zikunze gukoreshwa hanze kugira ngo amajwi arusheho kuba meza, mu gihe indangururamajwi za horn zikunze gushyirwa mu nzu ahantu harangwa urusaku n'ubuvumo nko mu bibanza by'urubura cyangwa mu bubiko.

Umuvugizi wa PA ni iki?

Indangururamajwi za PA, mu rwego rw'amajwi akwirakwizwa mu bucuruzi, yerekeza ku ndangururamajwi zitanga imirasire itaziguye zagenewe gukora amajwi menshi atandukanye kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu buryo rusange. Indangururamajwi za PA zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi zikunze gukorwa kugira ngo zikomeze gukora muri 70V cyangwa 100V zikwirakwiza voltage idahindagurika. Ibi bituma indangururamajwi nyinshi cyangwa amagana ziboherwa mu buryo bunini hakoreshejwe insinga nto (ubusanzwe 16 kugeza 18 AWG), zigatsinda igihombo kinini cyabaho iyo insinga zisanzwe zifite impedance nke (8-ohm) zinyura ku nsinga zirenga metero 100 kugeza 200.

Imiterere y'imashini ikora amajwi ya PA mu bucuruzi ikunze kuba igizwe n'agakingirizo gakomeye gakozwe muri pulasitiki ya ABS ikozwe muri injection-moded ABS, fibreboard yo hagati (MDF), cyangwa icyuma. Imbere muri iyo mashini, transducer imwe cyangwa nyinshi zigenda zishyirwa ku gikoresho cy'imbere. Agakingirizo kabuza amajwi aturutse inyuma y'agakingirizo kuzenguruka no guhagarika amajwi aturutse imbere, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu kongera kubyara amajwi yo hasi n'ayo hasi.

Kugira ngo ihuze n'imiyoboro y'amajwi ikwirakwijwe, indangururamajwi za PA z'ubucuruzi zifite transformateur zihuza umurongo ugana hasi. Izi transformateur zifite taps nyinshi z'ibanze (urugero: 1.5W, 3W, 6W, 15W, 30W), zituma sisitemu ihuza ikoreshwa na buri ndangururamajwi. Ubu bushobozi ni ingenzi mu kuringaniza urwego rwa SPL mu bice bitandukanye by'inyubako.

Uburyo abavuga rikijyana mu itangazamakuru bahindura imvugo n'umuziki

Kugira ngo habeho igisubizo cyagutse kandi gihamye, indangururamajwi za PA zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi zikunze gukoresha imiterere y'amajwi y'impande ebyiri. Iyi miterere igabanya ikimenyetso cy'amajwi mo imirongo ibiri itandukanye y'amajwi hakoreshejwe umuyoboro wa "internal passive crossover network" (ubusanzwe unyura hagati ya 2.5 kHz na 3.5 kHz). Imiterere yo hasi n'iyo hagati ijyanwa kuri "woofer cone" nini (ubusanzwe ifite umurambararo wa santimetero 4 kugeza kuri 8), mu gihe imibare miremire iyoborwa kuri tweeter nto (ubusanzwe ifite santimetero 0.75 kugeza kuri santimetero 1).

Mu kugabanya imbaraga hagati y’amajwi ya transducers akozwe neza hakurikijwe ingano yayo, abavuga rikijyana ba PA bashobora gukora amajwi ya bass yimbitse akenewe ku muziki wo imbere ndetse n’amajwi y’inyajwi akenewe kugira ngo ijwi ryumvikane neza. Urusobe rw’amajwi rutuma habaho ihinduka ryiza hagati y’abakoresha, bigatuma ijwi rihora rimeze neza ririnda umunaniro w’abayumva mu gihe cyo gucuranga igihe kirekire.

Imikoreshereze ikwiriye cyane mu nzu no mu bucuruzi

Kubera ko ari indashyikirwa mu kongera gukora frequency yuzuye hamwe n’uburyo bwinshi bwo gutambuka, indangururamajwi za PA ni amahitamo meza mu bidukikije by’ubucuruzi aho urusaku ruri hasi (ubusanzwe ruri munsi ya 65 na 70 dB (A)). Ibidukikije byishingikiriza cyane kuri izi ndangururamajwi kugira ngo bireme ikirere cyiza binyuze mu muziki wo inyuma, mu gihe icyarimwe bizikoresha mu gushakisha abakozi. Ibidukikije by’ibigo bikoresha indangururamajwi za PA zometse ku gisenge mu cyumba cy’ibyiciro n’aho abantu bahurira kugira ngo bitange uburambe bwiza bwo kumva.

Byongeye kandi, indangururamajwi za PA zakozwe hagamijwe guhuza inyubako. Abakora izo ndangururamajwi batanga izi nganda mu buryo bworoshye bwo gushyiramo ibisenge, imigozi yo ku gisenge gifunguye, n'utubati twiza two gushyiramo. Nubwo ubusanzwe zifatwa nk'ibisubizo byo mu nzu, indangururamajwi nyinshi za PA zigezweho zifite ibice byazo bifite ikirere gishyushye, bigatuma zikoreshwa mu mabaraza yo kuriramo yo hanze no mu busitani aho amajwi akomeje kuba ingenzi.

Ijwi ry'Ihoni ni iki?

Indangururamajwi y'ihoni ni imashini yihariye ikoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo yongere umusaruro w'amajwi, icyerekezo, n'imikorere myiza. Aho kwishingikiriza ku mpande nini, ikoresha icyuma gifata amajwi, ikoresha agace gato gakomeye kari mu gikoresho gitwara amajwi. Iyi mashini ihuzwa n'umuhogo muto w'imashini itwara amajwi y'ihoni (akenshi ifite umurambararo wa santimetero 1 cyangwa santimetero 2)—imiterere y'ihembe ry'ihoni rigurumana riha izina ryaryo.

Ikintu kiranga ihoni ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhuza impedance y'amajwi. Ishoferi ikora imiraba y'amajwi ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane mu muhogo muto w'ihoni. Uko imiraba y'amajwi igenda isohoka mu muvuduko ugenda wiyongera, umuvuduko uragabanuka mu gihe umuvuduko w'uduce wiyongera, bigahura neza n'imiraba y'umwuka wo hanze. Iki gikorwa gisa n'icya transformer kibuza réflection nini y'amajwi, bigatuma hafi ingufu zose z'amajwi zitangira gukwirakwira imbere.

Kubera ubwo buryo bukomeye bwo gukora, indangururamajwi zikoresha amajwi zikenera ingufu nke cyane z'amashanyarazi kugira ngo zikore umuvuduko w'amajwi ukabije ugereranije n'indangururamajwi zisanzwe za PA. Indangururamajwi zisanzwe zikoresha amajwi zikunze gukora hagati ya dB 105 na 110 dB z'umusaruro uva kuri watt imwe y'imbaraga za amplifier zipimirwa kuri metero imwe, ugereranije na dB 85 kugeza 90 gusa kuri indangururamajwi zisanzwe za cone. Ariko, umuvuduko muto cyane ihembe rishobora gukora neza ugenwa n'umuzenguruko w'umunwa waryo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amajwi menshi akoreshwa mu bucuruzi ntashobora gukora umuvuduko wo hasi wa bass, bigatuma ijwi rigaragara ku ntera yo hagati n'umuvuduko wo hejuru (ubusanzwe kuva kuri 300 Hz kugeza 8.000 Hz).

Uburyo umuvuduko w'ihoni wongera imiterere y'ishusho

Gushyira amajwi mu majwi bihindura cyane icyerekezo cy'urusaku rw'amajwi. Mu gihe umushoferi w'urusaku rw'amajwi adafite ibara ry'umuvuduko usohoka mu mpande zose, inkuta zikomeye z'urusaku rw'amajwi zifunga umuvuduko w'amajwi, zikawushyira mu buryo bwihariye kandi buzwi. Mu gukumira ingufu z'amajwi gukwirakwira mu bice byegeranye, urusaku rwibanda ku mbaraga zose z'amajwi ziboneka imbere ku murongo warwo w'ibanze.

Ubu buryo bw'ingufu butuma abavuga amajwi babasha kugera ku ntera nini cyane, akenshi bakavuga neza hagati ya metero 50 na 150 cyangwa zirenga. Imiterere y'amajwi ituma imiraba y'amajwi yo hejuru ikomeza kuba ihuriweho, bigatuma imirongo y'amajwi y'abantu (2 kHz kugeza 4 kHz) inyura mu bidukikije byuzuyemo urusaku neza cyane kuruta isoko y'amajwi yo gukwirakwira mu buryo bwagutse.

Imikoreshereze myiza yo hanze no mu nganda

Imiterere y'amajwi y'indangururamajwi z'amajwi ituma ziba amahitamo meza mu bidukikije byo hanze no muikoreshwa rikomeye mu ngandaMu duce nka za gari ya moshi, ibyambu by'amato, n'aho bashyira ibiti, gutangaza itangazo mu ntera ndende ni ngombwa. Umuvuduko muto w'indangururamajwi y'ihoni usanzwe ukuraho urusaku rw'amajwi rudakomeye rwa moteri za mazutu n'imashini ziremereye, bigatuma ikimenyetso cy'amajwi gifata umwanya ugaragara kandi wumvikana mu buryo bw'amajwi.

Byongeye kandi, indangururamajwi zo mu ihoni ziba zikomeye. Kubera ko diaphragm yoroshye ifungiye mu gasanduku gakomeye k'umushoferi ucunga, irinzwe n'ikirere. Indangururamajwi nyinshi zo mu ihoni zikozwe muri pulasitiki ya ABS idakira UV, aluminiyumu yaspun, cyangwa fiberglass, byoroshye kugera ku gipimo cya IP66 cyangwa IP67 kandi zikora mu migozi y'ubushyuhe bukabije (urugero, -40°C kugeza +60°C). Ibi bituma ziba nziza cyane mu bidukikije byo mu mazi, mu birere biremereye, no mu bidukikije.inganda zikora ibintu biteje akaga.

Kugereranya Ibisobanuro

Mu gusuzuma indangururamajwi za PA ugereranyije n’indangururamajwi za horn kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere y’amajwi y’ubucuruzi, abahuza AV bishingikiriza ku buryo busanzwe bw’ibipimo bya electro-acoustic kugira ngo bamenye imikorere ya sisitemu. Porogaramu zo gushushanya amajwi, nka EASE (Enhanced Acoustic Simulator for Engineers), ikoresha ibi bipimo kugira ngo ikore amakarita y’ubushyuhe bw’urwego rw’umuvuduko w’amajwi n’amanota y’ubusobanuro muri moderi ya 3D y’aho hantu.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi cyane birimo frequency response, sensitivity (SPL kuri 1W/1m), nomero ya nominel coverage, hamwe na Speech Transmission Index (STI). Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'ibikoresho n'amashanyarazi igena uko ibyuma bikomeza kubaho ndetse n'ikiguzi cyose cyo kubikoresha mu gihe cyose bimara.

Inshuro zisubirwamo, SPL, n'inguni yo gukingira

Nkuko byagaragajwe mu igereranya ry’ibisobanuro, uburyo bwagutse bwo gusubiza umuvuduko w’umuvuduko usanzwe wa PA butuma habaho gukora umuziki mwinshi, ariko ubu bushobozi bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rihagije busaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gutera inkunga (akenshi kuva kuri 15W kugeza kuri 30W kuri buri muvuduko) kugira ngo ugere kuri SPL nyinshi. Inguni yayo yagutse yo gutwikira bivuze ko amajwi ashira vuba cyane iyo ari kure, hakurikijwe itegeko rya kare rihindagurika (-6 dB kuri buri ntera ikuba kabiri).

Indangururamajwi zikoresha ingano zitandukanye cyane z'imibare. Uburyo bwazo bwo gukata ingano buhuza neza urwego rw'ijwi ry'umuntu. Kubera ko ingufu zidapfa ubusa, zikongeramo ingano nto ikenera imbaraga, ubushobozi bwo kumva buri hejuru cyane. Hamwe n'inguni ikomeye yo gutwikira, iyi SPL iherereye aho ikenewe neza hamwe n'imbaraga nkeya (akenshi igera kuri SPL zigenewe hamwe n'imbaraga za 2W kugeza kuri 5W gusa).

Ubwenge, intera yo guterura, n'ubwiza bw'umuziki

Ubushobozi bwo kumva mu majwi y’ubucuruzi bupimirwa mu buryo buboneye hakoreshejwe Speech Transmission Index (STI), igipimo kuva kuri 0.0 kugeza kuri 1.0. Amabwiriza y’umutekano w’ubuzima (nka NFPA 72 cyangwa EN 54-24) asanzwe asaba STI nibura kuva kuri 0.45 kugeza kuri 0.50 ku mpungenge z’amajwi zihutirwa. Mu ntera ngufi mu byumba byavuwe mu buryo bw’amajwi, indangururamajwi za PA zigera ku manota meza ya STI (akenshi >0.60). Ariko, mu myanya minini kandi ihuza amajwi, gukwirakwira kwa PA mu ndangururamajwi bitera imbaraga urubuga rwo kuvugira mu cyumba, bigatera amajwi ahurirana agabanya STI cyane.

Indangururamajwi za Horn zirakora neza mu kugumana amanota menshi ya STI mu ntera ndende mu bice by’amajwi byangiza. Mu gushyira ingufu z’amajwi ku rumuri ruto, indangururamajwi za Horn zigabanya urumuri rugaragara ku gisenge no ku nkuta zo ku ruhande. Ariko, iyi miterere y’amajwi ituma indangururamajwi za Horn muri rusange zitagomba gucurangwa mu muziki mwiza, kuko kutagira bass no gushimangira cyane bishobora gutuma abayumva bananirwa iyo bikoreshejwe mu muziki uhoraho.

Igiciro, kuramba, n'agaciro k'ubuzima

Ukurikije ikoreshwa ry'imari n'imigabane (CAPEX), abavuga rikijyana ba PA muri rusange bahenze kuri buri gikoresho (ubusanzwe $40 kugeza $150 USD) ugereranije n'abavuga rikijyana bakomeye mu nganda. Ariko, agaciro kabyo gashingiye cyane ku bidukikije; gushyira abavuga rikijyana ba PA mu nzu ahantu hari ubushuhe bwinshi cyangwa hanze bizasaba gusimbuzwa kenshi (akenshi ntibishoboka mu myaka 2 kugeza kuri 3).

Indangururamajwi zitanga amajwi zigaragaza ishoramari ryinshi rya mbere (amadolari 100 kugeza 400+ USD) ariko zitanga ubuzima bwiza cyane kandi zifite agaciro gakomeye mu bidukikije bikenera imbaraga nyinshi, akenshi zikaba zifite ubuzima bw'imyaka 15 kugeza 20. Ibikoresho nka polycarbonate ihamye ya UV na aluminium ya spun birarwanya cyane kwangirika kw'ibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, indushya nyinshi zo gukanda zifite diaphragm zishobora gusimburwa n'amajwi, bigatuma abatekinisiye bashobora gusana umushoferi wapfutse ku giciro gito ugereranyije n'indangururamajwi nshya.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo umuvugizi ukwiye

Guhitamo ikoranabuhanga rikwiye ry’indangururamajwi ni inzira igizwe n’ibice byinshi isaba gusuzuma amajwi y’ubwubatsi, imbogamizi z’amashanyarazi, n’amategeko agenga umutekano w’ubuzima. Abahuza bagomba gukora urutonde rukwirakwijwe rutanga ubwinshi bungana, rwujuje igipimo cy’urusaku gisabwa (intego isanzwe ni +10 dB kugeza +15 dB hejuru y’urusaku rwo mu kirere), kandi rukinjizwa mu buryo bwizewe mu bikorwa remezo bihari by’ikigo.

Icyiciro cyo gushushanya kigomba gutangirira ku bushakashatsi bwimbitse bw'aho hantu cyangwa isesengura ry'igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako. Ibishushanyo mbonera by'amajwi birasabwa cyane ku myanya igoye kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo icyerekezo cy'ihoni cyangwa ikwirakwira ryagutse ry'indangururamajwi ya PA bizakorana n'imbibi z'icyumba.

Huza ubwoko bw'umuvugizi n'aho uherereye n'abawukurikira

Imbonerahamwe ya mbere y’ibyemezo by’ingenzi ikubiyemo guhuza transducer n’urusaku rw’ibidukikije n’igikorwa cy’ingenzi cy’abareba. Abahuza bagomba gupima impuzandengo n’urwego rw’urusaku rw’ikirere (muri dB-A) rw’ahantu.

Niba ibidukikije ari ahantu ho gucururiza hari urusaku rwa 65 dB, umuyoboro w'indangururamajwi za PA zo hejuru utanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gutanga paging isobanutse neza mu gihe ukomeza gusubiza inshuro nyinshi zikenewe kugira ngo umuziki ucurange neza.

Ku rundi ruhande, niba ibidukikije ari gareji y’imodoka ifite urusaku rwa 85 dB bitewe n’imodoka nyinshi, indangururamajwi isanzwe ya PA ishobora kunanirwa gutanga ubutumwa busobanutse neza. Sisitemu igomba gukoresha indangururamajwi zigenewe inzira zo gutwara kugira ngo igabanye urusaku rwa moteri kandi igenzure ingufu z’ijwi, ikarinda ko zigwa ku mabuye ya sima. Muri iki gihe, abari aho bagomba kumva gusa amabwiriza yo kuva mu modoka cyangwa imiburo y’umutekano.

Genzura ingufu, impedance, ikirere,

n'ibisabwa kugira ngo bigerweho mu gihe kirekire. Iyo ibisabwa mu ijwi riranguruye, genzura neza ko indangururamajwi yatoranijwe ijyanye n'ubushobozi bw'ingufu za amplifier (ikomeza kugira 20% by'umwanya muto wo gufata amajwi) n'imiterere ya impedance ya sisitemu (urugero, 70V/100V ugereranyije na 8-ohm). Byongeye kandi, suzuma witonze amanota ya IP (Ingress Protection). Nubwo indangururamajwi za horn zikora neza mu bihe bikomeye, abakora benshi ubu batanga indangururamajwi za PA zirwanya ikirere cyane, zifite amanota ya IP55 mu bidukikije byo hanze. Ku rundi ruhande, indangururamajwi za horn zikunze gushyirwa mu nzu ahantu harangwa urusaku, nk'inganda zikora. Amaherezo, guhitamo hagati y'indangururamajwi za PA n'indangururamajwi za horn biva ku kuringaniza ubwiza bw'amajwi n'umusaruro usanzwe n'ubuyobozi. Mu gusuzuma urusaku rwo mu kirere, intera ikenewe yo guta, n'ibirimo by'ingenzi by'amajwi, abashushanya sisitemu bashobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rikwiye kugira ngo itumanaho risobanutse kandi ryizewe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Koresha indangururamajwi za PA zikoresha imirasire itaziguye mu gihe ukeneye uburyo bwagutse kandi busanzwe bwo gukwirakwiza amajwi n'umuziki mu ntera nini, ubusanzwe hagati ya 60 Hz na 20.000 Hz.
• Koresha indangururamajwi mu gihe icy'ingenzi ari ugukoresha ijwi neza cyane mu ntera, cyane cyane mu nyubako z'urusaku, hanze, cyangwa mu nganda.
• Teganya uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amajwi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyakwirakwiza: indangururamajwi nyinshi za PA zikwirakwiza amajwi hagati ya 90° na 120°, mu gihe indangururamajwi zishobora gushyira amajwi kuri dogere 60° kuri 40° cyangwa zigafatana cyane.
• Ku bijyanye n'ibikorwa byihutirwa no kumenyesha abantu benshi, shushanya ku ntego zumvikana nka STI iri hejuru ya 0.50 aho gushushanya gusa.
• Irinde gukoresha indangururamajwi za horn nk'indangururamajwi zuzuye kuko moderi nyinshi zitakaza umuvuduko muto cyane munsi ya 300 Hz.
• Huza ubwoko bw'indangururamajwi n'imiterere y'aho hantu, harimo urusaku rw'ikirere, intera yo guta, uburebure bw'igisenge, ikirere gitemberamo, n'ibisabwa mu gace kateje akaga.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ese umuvugizi wa PA ni kimwe n'umuvugizi wa horn?

Si byo rwose. Indangururamajwi ya PA akenshi ni ijambo ryagutse, ariko mu majwi akwirakwijwe akenshi bivuze indangururamajwi ikoresha amajwi ataziguye. Indangururamajwi ya horn ikoresha icyuma gishyushya amajwi n'ihorn ifite impumuro nziza kugira ngo ijwi rirusheho kugaragara neza kandi neza.

Ni ryari nkwiye guhitamo ikirangurura ijwi (horn spoker)?

Hitamo indangururamajwi yo gukoresha mu guhamagara intera ndende, gutanga amakuru yihutirwa, ahantu ho hanze, cyangwa ahantu hakorerwa urusaku rw'inganda aho kumva neza no kwerekana amajwi ari ingenzi kuruta ireme ry'umuziki.

Ni ryari umuvugizi usanzwe wa PA aba mwiza kurushaho?

Umuvuzi usanzwe wa PA ni mwiza cyane mu gutangaza amajwi menshi kandi asanzwe, cyane cyane aho umuziki, amatangazo, no gukora amajwi neza bikenewe mu biro, mu bigo, mu maduka cyangwa mu nyubako zo mu nzu.

Kuki amajwi akoreshwa mu byuma bizwi cyane mu nganda?

Indangururamajwi zikora neza, ziyobora, kandi zishobora guca urusaku rwinshi rwo mu kirere. Ibi bituma zigira akamaro mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, peteroli na gaze, ubwikorezi, ubwubatsi, ibidukikije byo mu mazi, n'ahandi hantu habi.

Ese indangururamajwi za horn zikora neza?

Ubusanzwe oya. Indangururamajwi za Horn zikoreshwa mu kwerekana ijwi neza kandi akenshi zigenda ziguruka cyane munsi ya 300 Hz, mu gihe indangururamajwi nyinshi za PA zishobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rinini, akenshi hagati ya 60 Hz na 20.000 Hz.