Terefone Irinda Guturika ni Iki kandi Ikora Gute?

Antelefoni idaturikani igikoresho cyihariye cy’itumanaho cyagenewe gukora mu mutekano ahantu hateje akaga aho imyuka, umwuka cyangwa ivumbi bishobora gutwika biba biri. Iyi nyandiko isuzuma imiterere ya tekiniki, amahame y’umutekano, n’uburyo bwo gukora bubuza ibyo bikoresho kuba isoko y’umuriro mu nganda zihindagurika.

Gusobanura Terefone Igaragaza ko Ishobora Guturika

An telefoni idaturikani igikoresho cy’itumanaho gikomeye cyagenewe kurinda ubushyuhe bw’imbere mu kirere, kigamije kudatera ibyago bikaze mu kirere. Ibi bikoresho ni ingenzi mu bikorwa remezo by’umutekano by’inganda zitunganya peteroli, inganda zikora imiti, n’ibikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro munsi y’ubutaka. Bitandukanye na telefoni zisanzwe zo mu nganda, moderi zirinda guturika zikorerwa igeragezwa rikomeye kugira ngo zihuze n’ibipimo byihariye by’uburinzi ku isi, nka ATEX cyangwa IECEx.

Kugira ngo ibikorwa bikomeze kuba byiza, abakora ibintu nkaSiniwoKwibanda ku bikoresho bikomeye byo mu nzu n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byakuwemo. Ibi bikoresho byemeza ko nubwo haba hari ikibazo cy'amashanyarazi imbere mu nzu, ingufu zikomokaho ziba zidahagije kugira ngo zitere guturika hanze.

Terefone irinda guturika ikora ite?

Ihame ry'ingenzi rya telefoni idaturika ni ugufata ingufu no gukonjesha imyuka isohoka. Iyo amashanyarazi agize umurongo w'amashanyarazi mu miyoboro ya telefoni, uruzitiro rukomejwe rubuza umuriro kugera mu kirere cy'inyuma gishobora guteza akaga. Igishushanyo mbonera gikoresha "inzira z'umuriro" - icyuho cyakozwe neza mu ngingo z'inzu - gikonjesha imyuka isohoka munsi y'ubushyuhe bwayo mbere yuko isohoka mu gikoresho.

Ubundi buryo bukoreshwa ni umutekano w’imbere (IS). Ubu buryo bugabanya ingufu z’amashanyarazi n’ubushyuhe biri muri icyo gikoresho kugeza ku rugero ruri munsi y’ibikenewe kugira ngo habeho uruvange rw’ikirere runaka ruteje akaga. Mu gukoresha ibice bifite voltage nke n’ibirwanya umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi, telefoni igumana ubushobozi bwo gukora umuriro ufite ingufu zihagije zo gutwika.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kwirinda mu itumanaho riteje akaga

Abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bakoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kurinda kugira ngo itumanaho ribe ryizewe mu turere dufite ibyago byinshi. Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa burimo "Ex d" (Irinda umuriro) na "Ex i" (Umutekano w’imbere). Gusobanukirwa ubu buryo ni ingenzi mu guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye mu turere twihariye tw’ibidukikije bigenwa naItegeko ry'Igihugu ry'Amashanyarazi (NEC).

Ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'aho byashyizwe

Kuramba kwa telefoni idaturika biterwa ahanini n'ibikoresho byayo bifunze, bigomba kwihanganira ingaruka mbi ku mubiri no kwangirika kw'imiti. Inyinshi mu bwoko bwiza zikoresha aluminiyumu cyangwa polyester ikoreshwa mu kirahuri (GRP). Aluminium itanga imbaraga nziza mu miterere, mu gihe GRP ikunzwe cyane mu bidukikije birimo kwangirika cyane, nko mu nyubako zo gucukura mu mazi aho umunyu ukomeza gukoreshwa.

Telefoni za Siniwo zo mu ngandaakenshi bihuzwa muri ubu buryo, birimo polymer zirwanya ingaruka n'insinga z'uburinzi. Uru ruzitiro rugomba kugera ku gipimo cyo hejuru cyo kwirinda kwinjira (IP), ubusanzwe IP66 cyangwa IP67, kugira ngo hirindwe ko umukungugu muto n'amazi menshi byinjira.

Akamaro k'Impamyabumenyi za ATEX na IECEx

Kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga y’umutekano ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi cyane mu gukora no gushyira mu bikorwa ibikoresho bidashobora guturika.Amabwiriza ya ATEX(Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi) n'UmuryangoSisitemu ya IECEx(Komisiyo Mpuzamahanga y'Ubuhanga mu by'Ikoranabuhanga) itanga uburyo bwo gupima no kwemeza. Aya mahame ashyira ibidukikije mu byiciro “Uduce” hashingiwe ku nshuro n'igihe ikirere giturika kibaho.

DukurikijeAmabwiriza ya IEC 60079, ibikoresho bigomba kuba bifite ikirango cy’urwego rwabyo rwo kurinda, itsinda rya gazi (urugero, IIB cyangwa IIC), n’urwego rw’ubushyuhe (T-rating). Urugero, amanota ya T6 agaragaza ko ubushyuhe bw’ubuso bw’igikoresho butazigera burenga 85°C, bigatuma kiba gitekanye ku bidukikije bifite imyuka idashyuha cyane.

Kugereranya: Terefone zirinda guturika ugereranije na Terefone zirinda ikirere

Nubwo ubwoko bwombi bw'ibikoresho ari "inganda", bikora imirimo itandukanye y'umutekano. Telefoni irinda ikirere irinda ibintu bidukikije nk'imvura n'umukungugu, ariko ntabwo ifite ubushobozi bwo gukumira imbere nk'ubw'icyitegererezo kidaturika. Mu gace gateje akaga, gukoresha telefoni isanzwe irinda ikirere bishobora guteza inkongi ikomeye iyo umuriro w'imbere ubaye.

Ibikoresho bigezweho muri telefoni zigezweho zo mu gace karimo akaga

Telefoni zigezweho zidashobora guturika zateye imbere uretse kohereza amajwi byoroshye, zirimo no guhuza ikoranabuhanga. Ibikoresho byinshi ubu bishyigikira uburyo bwo gukoresha ijwi kuri IP (VoIP), bigatuma zihuzwa neza n'ibikorwaremezo byagutse by'ikoranabuhanga by'ikigo. Iri hinduka rituma habaho igenzura ry'ibizamini rikorwa kure no gukoreshaUtwuma tw'inganda twa Siniwokugira ngo habeho uburyo bworoshye bwo kugenzura menu no gukoresha uburyo bwihuse bwo guhamagara.

Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga rihuriweho ryo gukumira urusaku ni ingenzi cyane. Ibidukikije by'inganda akenshi biba birimo urusaku rwinshi, aho urusaku rwo mu kirere rurenga 90dB. Telefoni zigezweho zikoresha mikoro zihariye kugira ngo zisukure urusaku rw'imashini, bityo zigatuma itumanaho rigenda neza mu gihe cy'ibikorwa byihutirwa.

Ibisabwa mu gushyiraho no kubungabunga

Gushyiraho neza ni ingenzi kimwe n'ibikoresho ubwabyo kugira ngo bigumane ubuziranenge bwa "ntibishobora guturika". Insinga zose zigomba gufungwa n'ibice byemewe bidashobora guturika kugira ngo birinde ko umuriro unyura muri sisitemu y'imiyoboro y'amazi. Iyo agafunga kamwe kangiritse, igipimo cyose cy'umutekano w'aho gashyirwa kiba kitari cyo.

Gahunda zisanzwe zo kubungabunga zigomba kuba zirimo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibikoreshoIbikoresho by'inganda bya Siniwo, nk'imigozi igonze n'udukingirizo tw'ingufu. Abashinzwe kubungabunga bagomba kugenzura ko "inzira z'umuriro" zitagira irangi, ingese, cyangwa imyanda, kuko ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyangiza cyangwa cyangiritse kuri ubwo buso gishobora gutuma umuriro usohoka mu gikingi.

Urutonde rw'Ibizamini byo Guhitamo Intambwe ku Ntambwe

Mu gihe cyo kugura ibikoresho by'itumanaho ahantu hateje akaga, abashinzwe umutekano bagomba gukurikiza inzira y'isuzuma ihamye. Ibi bireba ko igikoresho cyatoranijwe gihuye n'ingaruka zihariye z'ikigo.

1. Shyira mu byiciro Akarere:Menya niba agace ari agace ka 0, 1, cyangwa 2 (cyangwa Class I, Div 1/2).

2. Kumenya amatsinda ya gaze/umukungugu:Huza telefoni n'ibintu byihariye biriho (urugero, Hydrogen isaba amanota ya IIC).

3. Icyiciro cy'ubushyuhe:Menya neza ko igipimo cya T kiri munsi y'ubushyuhe bw'ibinyabutabire byo mu gace utuyemo.

4. Suzuma uburyo bwo guhuza:Hitamo hagati ya Analog (PSTN) cyangwa Digital (VoIP / SIP) ukurikije ibikorwa remezo bihari.

5. Suzuma uburyo bwo kuramba:Emeza ko amanota ya IP n'uko ibikoresho bihuye n'ibintu bishobora kwangiza ibintu byo mu gace utuyemo.

Uruhare rw'Itumanaho mu Gutabara mu Buryo bw'Ingorane

Mu gihe habaye ikibazo cy’impanuka, telefoni idaturika ifasha abakozi. Ibi bikoresho akenshi biba bifite "umurongo w’itumanaho", aho kuzamuraImodoka za Siniwo zidashobora guturikaBimenyesha mu buryo bwikora icyumba cyo kugenzura. Kwizerwa muri ibi bihe ntabwo bishobora kuganirwaho, kuko telefoni zigendanwa zisanzwe na radiyo zishobora kuba zibujijwe bitewe n'ingaruka zabyo zo kwatsa.

Impuguke mu nganda muriOSHAshimangira ko itumanaho ryizewe ari inkingi y'umutekano mu kazi mu nzego zishobora guhura n'ibibazo bikomeye. Kugira imiyoboro idahinduka kandi idaturika bituma itumanaho rikomeza kuba ingirakamaro nubwo imiyoboro idafite insinga yangirika cyangwa ibikoresho bikoresha batiri byangirika.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ese nshobora gukoresha telefoni igendanwa isanzwe ahantu hadashobora guturika?

Oya, telefoni zigendanwa zisanzwe ntabwo "zifite umutekano mu buryo bugaragara" kandi zishobora gutanga ibishashi cyangwa ubushyuhe bushobora gutwika ikirere gishobora gushya. Telefoni zigendanwa zemewe n'amategeko cyangwa telefoni zidashobora guturika ni zo gusa zigomba gukoreshwa mu gukumira ibiza bishobora kubaho mu turere duteje akaga.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya terefone za ATEX Zone 1 na Zone 2?

Telefoni zo muri Zone ya 1 zagenewe ahantu hashobora kubaho ikirere giturika mu mikorere isanzwe. Telefoni zo muri Zone ya 2 zigenewe ahantu hadashobora kubaho ikirere nk'icyo, cyangwa hazabaho igihe gito gusa, bisaba urwego rutandukanye rwo kurinda.

Ese telefoni zidashobora guturika zikenera insinga zidasanzwe kugira ngo zishyirweho?

Yego, ibi bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho hakoreshejwe insinga zikingira n'imiyoboro yemewe idaturika. Mu gihe ari moderi zitekanye, bigomba guhuzwa hakoreshejwe uruzitiro rw'umutekano rugabanya ingufu z'amashanyarazi zinjira mu gace kateje akaga.

Nigute nakora isuku kuri telefoni idaturika ntayingize?

Isuku igomba gukorwa n'igitambaro gitose kugira ngo hirindwe ko amashanyarazi adahinduka. Irinde gukoresha imiti ihumanya ishobora kwangiza GRP cyangwa aluminiyumu. Buri gihe reba amabwiriza y'uwakoze isuku kugira ngo urebe ko ibikoresho bisukura bitabangamira ubuziranenge bw'ibifunga.

"T-rating" ku gikoresho kidaturika ni iki?

Isuzuma rya T, cyangwa Itsinda ry'Ubushyuhe, rigaragaza ubushyuhe ntarengwa bw'ubuso igikoresho gishobora kugeramo mu gihe cy'ikosa. Urugero, isuzuma rya T4 risobanura ko ubuso butazarenza 135°C, bikazatuma kidatwika imyuka ifite ubushyuhe bwikora burenga uwo mupaka.