Ni izihe certifications ikigo gikora telefoni zirinda guturika kigomba kuba gifite?

• ATEX ni ingenzi mu kugurisha ahantu hashobora guterwa n’ibintu mu karere k’ubumwe bw’u Burayi, ariko si cyo cyemezo cyonyine cy’ingenzi.
• IECEx yongerera icyizere abantu barenga imipaka kuko ikoresha ibizamini byemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga byo kurinda ibisasu n'inyandiko.
• Isuzuma ry’umutekano w’inganda rigomba kuba rikubiyemo kurinda agace gakingiwe, kugenzura ubushyuhe, EMC, ingaruka, n’ubuziranenge bw’uko insinga zinjira.
• Ku baguzi, QMS y'uruganda, uburyo rukurikirana ibintu, n'uburyo bwo kwemeza ibintu ni ingenzi kimwe n'uko icyapa kiri ku gipfunyika gishyirwamo ibintu.
• Umutanga serivisi mwiza ashobora gushyira telefoni mu gace gakwiye, itsinda rya gazi, icyiciro cy'umukungugu, n'uburyo bwo kuyishyiramo mbere yo kuyitanga.

An uruganda rukora terefone zidaturikabigomba gusuzumwa hakurikijwe umuryango usanzwe w’ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, atari amafoto y’ibicuruzwa cyangwa ibivugwa ku kwamamaza gusa. Urugero, ibikoresho bya ATEX bishyirwa mu kirere giturika bigomba guhuza n’amabwiriza ya 2014/34/EU, mu gihe IEC 60079-0 isobanura ibisabwa rusange ku bikoresho biturika mu kirere na IEC 60079-1 ikubiyemo ahantu hadatwikirwa n’umuriro. Mu mishinga nyayo, isuzuma ry’umutekano mu nganda ni ryo rihindura telefoni isa n’ikomeye ikaba igikoresho cy’umutekano gishobora gukoreshwa. Niba umushinga ukeneye kandi kurwanya ikirere, abaguzi benshi bazashaka amakuru yo kurinda kwinjira nka IP66 cyangwa IP67, kandi niba ishyirwa mu nganda rikora urusaku rwinshi, bazita no ku bijyanye n’imikorere y’amajwi n’imikoro. Uruganda rukora imenyekanisha urwego rw’impamyabushobozi, inyandiko z’ibizamini, n’imipaka y’ikoreshwa ryabyo bizigama igihe kandi bikagabanya ibyago byo kubahiriza amategeko. Imiryango y’ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano ishobora gusuzumwa binyuze muterefone zirinda guturika, terefone zirinda ikirere, natelefoni zihutirwa.

Ni izihe certifications ikigo gikora telefoni zirinda guturika kigomba kuba gifite?

Itsinda ry’ibyemeza rikwiye rishingira ku isoko ry’aho ibicuruzwa bijya, ishyirwa mu byiciro ry’ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, n’imiterere y’ibicuruzwa.

Ku baguzi benshi b'inganda, igisubizo gito cyemewe gitangirana naicyemezo cya ATEXku Burayi noIECExku mishinga ikorerwa mu turere twinshi. ATEX ni urwego rw'amategeko mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, mu gihe IECEx ari sisitemu yo gusuzuma ubuziranenge ku isi yose ishingiye ku mahame ya IEC ku kirere giturika. Niba telefoni izashyirwa muri Amerika ya Ruguru, uruganda rugomba kandi gusobanukirwa inzira yo mu gace ruherereyemo nk'uko biteganywa n'ingingo ya 500/505 ya NEC n'ibisabwa n'ikigo cy'ubugenzuzi. Mu yandi magambo, uruganda ntirushobora kuvuga gusa ko "rudahamya ko hari ikintu giturika" ngo ruhagarare aho; rugomba kwerekana inzira nyayo y'ubugenzuzi bw'ubutaka bugenewe.

Ku baguzi ba tekiniki, inomero y'icyemezo ntabwo ari ngombwa ugereranyije n'iy'abaguziurwego. Ishusho igomba kwerekana urwego rw'uburinzi bw'ibikoresho, itsinda rya gazi cyangwa ivumbi, urwego rw'ubushyuhe, n'agace kemewe ko gushyirwamo. Terefone yemewe kuri Zone ya 2 ntiyemerwa mu buryo bwikora kuri Zone ya 1, kandi agace kemewe n'ivumbi ntigakwiriye mu buryo bwikora ku kirere cya gazi. Iryo tandukaniro ni rimwe mu makosa akunze kugaragara mu gutanga amasoko mu bijyanye n'umutekano mu nganda.

Mu isuzuma ry’amasoko, ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyane si “Ese ufite icyemezo?” ahubwo ni “Ni ikihe gipimo, ni akahe gace, ni irihe tsinda rya gazi, n’itsinda ry’ubushyuhe?” Ayo magambo atuma umutanga serivisi atanga igisubizo gikenewe. Urugero, urwego rw’i Burayi rukoresha ibyiciro nka 1, 2, na 3, kandi ikimenyetso cya tekiniki kigomba guhuza n’imiterere nyayo y’aho gishyirwa. Ikibazo gikomeye ni “Ufite icyemezo.”uruganda rukora terefone zidaturikaizatangaza iyo mapping neza aho kwihisha inyuma y'urupapuro rw'amakuru rusange.

Impamvu icyemezo cya ATEX cyonyine kidahagije mu gupima umutekano w'inganda

ATEX ni ingenzi, ariko ntabwo isimbura uburebure bw'igerageza, kugenzura uko ikorwa, cyangwa kwemeza porogaramu.

Abaguzi benshi bibanda kuicyemezo cya ATEXkuko byoroshye kubimenya, ariko ibyo bishobora gutera icyizere cy’ikinyoma. Telefoni yemewe iracyakeneye kubahiriza ibisabwa n’aho hantu: imyuka yangiza, amazi asuka, gutigita, gukoresha insinga ndende, no guhohotera abantu. Niyo mpamvu isuzuma ry’umutekano w’inganda rigomba kuba rikubiyemo ibirenze uburyo bwo kurinda iturika ubwaryo. Rigomba kandi gukingira uburyo bwo kwinjira, ingaruka za mekanike, imikorere y’ubushyuhe, n’imikorere ya EMC.

Urugero, amanota ya IP akunze gukoreshwa hamwe n'icyemezo cy'ahantu hashobora guteza akaga. DukurikijeISO 20653:2013, urwego rwo kurinda ibintu byo mu mahanga, amazi, n'uburyo bigerwaho bisobanurwa mu buryo bw'imiterere bufasha injeniyeri kugereranya ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubushyuhe mu gikari. Mu miterere y'ibimera, IP66 cyangwa IP67 bishobora kuba ingenzi kuko igikoresho kidacana umuriro gishyira ubushuhe mu cyumba cy'inyuma kizakomeza kunanirwa gukora nubwo cyaba gishyizwe mu byiciro byo kurinda guturika neza. Niyo mpamvu raporo y'igerageza ry'uruganda igomba kuba ikubiyemo icyemezo cy'uko biturika bikomeza guturika ndetse n'ibisubizo by'ubudahangarwa bw'ibidukikije.

Ku matsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko, uburyo bwo gusesengura ibintu buroroshye: niba umutanga serivisi adashobora gusobanura isano iri hagati y’icyemezo, gufunga ahantu hatekanye, n’uburyo bwo kubungabunga, ibyago bishobora kuba byinshi cyane ku hantu hateje akaga. Ingeso nyinshi z’inganda zangiritse ntabwo biterwa n’icyemezo cyabuze, ahubwo biterwa n’inzira z’ubusamo, insinga zidakwiye, cyangwa seriveri zangiritse nyuma yo gusana.

Isuzuma ry’umutekano mu nganda riba rikomeye cyane iyo rigaragaza ikoreshwa nyaryo, atari uko rigaragara gusa muri laboratwari. Uruganda rwiza rushobora gusobanura uko ibicuruzwa byitwara mu gihe cyo kwinjiza insinga, gufunga no gufungura serivisi, kuko aho niho hakunze kugaragara ibyago byo mu murima.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma uruganda rukora telefoni zirinda guturika kugira ngo urebe uburebure bw'amategeko

Uburebure bw'iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko bugaragarira mu bwiza bw'inyandiko, uburyo zikurikiranwa, n'icyitegererezo cy'imiterere yazo.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzumauruganda rukora terefone zidaturika, ikimenyetso gikomeye cyane si ikirango kiri imbere. Ni ubwiza bwa dosiye ya tekiniki. Umutanga serivisi yujuje ibisabwa agomba gutanga ikimenyetso cy’ibicuruzwa, ingero zisanzwe, imiterere y’aho ibintu biherereye, amabwiriza yo gushyiraho, imbogamizi zo kubungabunga, na politiki y’ibice bisimbura ibindi. Ku mishinga minini, umutanga serivisi agomba kandi kwerekana uburyo telefoni ijyanye na sisitemu yagutse y’itumanaho, nko guhamagara mu buryo bwihutirwa, gushyira paji mu nganda, cyangwa imiyoboro ya intercom iri ku nkuta.

Uburyo bumwe bufatika bwo gusuzuma igihe cyo gukura ni ukureba niba uruganda rufite uburyo bwo gupima no gukora ibintu bushobora gusubiramo. Icyemezo cya ISO 9001 si igipimo ngenderwaho cyo kurinda guturika, ariko kiracyafite akamaro kuko kigaragaza inzira zigenzurwa, imyitwarire yo gukosora, no gukurikirana neza. Mu bikoresho byo mu gace gashobora guteza akaga, ibyo bigenzura ibikorwa ni ingenzi kuko impinduka nto y'ibikoresho cyangwa ihinduka ry'amahuriro bishobora guhindura izamuka ry'ubushyuhe, gufunga, cyangwa kuramba. Ku bibanza bisaba guhuzwa n'umutekano rusange, amakipe y'abahanga akunze kubaza ibijyanye no guhuza na za alarm panels cyangwa imikorere ya SCADA-linked call workflows.

1. Baza urwego nyarwo rw'impamyabumenyi, ntabwo ari agatabo k'ibicuruzwa rusange.
2. Genzura niba ikimenyetso cy'ibicuruzwa gihuye n'agace k'inyubako n'ubwoko bwa gazi cyangwa ivumbi.
3. Genzura amanota ya IP kandi urebe ishingiro ry'ibizamini by'amazi n'umukungugu.
4. Suzuma amabwiriza yo kubungabunga imitsi yo gusimbuza, kugenzura gasket, no gufungura.
5. Emeza ko ibice bisimbura n'uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere y'umushinga byanditse ku gihe cyose cy'umushinga.

Mu gutanga amasoko ashingiye ku mushinga, iyi nyandiko ishobora kuba itandukaniro hagati y’ikizamini cyo kwakira uruganda neza no gutinda gutangira imirimo. Ku baguzi bubaka imiyoboro y’itumanaho ryihutirwa,terefone zo mu ngandanasisitemu zo kuvugira mu ruhameakenshi bisuzumwa hamwe kuko urubuga rumwe rushobora gukenera guhamagara abantu bo mu gace runaka, gutangaza amakuru, no gutanga ubutumwa bwo kuva aho umuntu atuye.

Ni ibihe bipimo n'ibipimo by'ingenzi cyane mu mishinga iteza akaga nyayo?

Ibipimo bikwiye biterwa n'ibyago, ariko uburyo bwo gupima bw'ingenzi buhora ari bumwe.

Imishinga y'itumanaho ikoreshwa mu turere dufite akaga akenshi ishingira ku bintu bitatu bya tekiniki: ubwoko bw'uburinzi, kuramba kw'ibidukikije, n'uburyo sisitemu ikoreshwa. Ubwoko bw'uburinzi bugaragaza niba igikoresho gishobora kubaho neza muri ako gace. Kuramba kw'ibidukikije bikemura niba gishobora gukomeza gukora mu gihe cy'imvura, ivumbi, gutigita, igihu cy'umunyu, cyangwa ubushyuhe. Uburyo bwo gukoresha bugaragaza niba abakoresha bashobora kuvugana mu gihe cy'amajwi, urusaku, cyangwa ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi.

Ingingo y'ingenzi ni uburyo bwa IEC bwo kurinda guturika, bugena ibikoresho hakurikijwe uburyo bwo kubyirinda n'imiterere y'aho bishyirwa. Hagati aho, kugira ngo habeho kurwanya ibidukikije, abaguzi bakunze kureba ibizamini by'amazi, ivumbi, n'ibizamini byangiza. Mu bikorwa remezo rusange n'inganda, ibi ni ingenzi cyane kuko telefoni yitezweho kumara imyaka myinshi ikoreshwa, ntabwo ari umunsi umwe w'icyitegererezo. Iyo ibizamini bihuye n'uburyo busanzwe, biroroha ku matsinda y'abahanga kugereranya abatanga serivisi mu buryo buboneye.

Ku bikoresho by'itumanaho mu nganda zikora urusaku, imikorere y'amajwi ishobora kuba ingenzi kimwe no kwemeza. Iyo umukoresha adashobora kumva cyangwa kumva, sisitemu ishobora kuba yujuje ibisabwa ku mpapuro ariko ntigire icyo ikora mu gihe cy'impanuka. Niyo mpamvu abaguzi b'inararibonye bagerageza igikoresho ahantu hari urusaku nyarwo mbere yo kwemezwa burundu.

Ese ipaki y’impamyabumenyi ikomeye isa ite?

Ipaki ikomeye y’impamyabumenyi ihuza kubahiriza amategeko, ibimenyetso bya tekiniki, n’uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ibyo umuntu ashinzwe.

Inganda nziza zishyira ibimenyetso byazo mu buryo butuma abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi, ikoranabuhanga, n’amatsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko babasha kubisuzuma vuba. Iyo paki igomba kuba ikubiyemo icyemezo, ingero zisanzwe zo gupima, ikimenyetso cy’ibicuruzwa, amabwiriza yo gushyiraho, gahunda yo kubungabunga, n’ibindi byose bibangamira ibikoresho. Igomba kandi kwerekana niba igikoresho cyagenewe gushyirwa ku rukuta, gushyirwaho amazi, gushyirwaho inkingi, cyangwa ahantu hakirinzwe imbere mu nzu. Ibi bisobanuro ni ingenzi kuko ibikoresho bikorerwa ahantu hateje akaga biba byoroshye cyane ku bwiza bw’aho gishyirwa.

Nk’uko Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuziranenge n’Ikoranabuhanga muri Amerika kibitangaza,Isomo ryo gukurikirana no gupima SIni ingenzi mu buhanga bwizewe no kugereranya ibizamini. Mu by’ukuri, bivuze ko uwakoze igikoresho agomba kuba ashobora kwerekana uburyo ibipimo by’ubushyuhe, ibizamini byo kwinjira, n’ibipimo byagenzuwe. Iyo igikoresho kivuga ko gifite igipimo runaka cyangwa urwego rw’imikorere, ibimenyetso by’ibanze bigomba gukurikizwa aho kuba inkuru y’ibyabaye.

Ku baguzi mpuzamahanga, kuba hariho ATEX na IECEx bishobora kugabanya imbaraga zo kongera kwemeza, mu gihe kwemeza isoko ryo mu gace bishobora koroshya ikwirakwizwa ry’ibikoresho. Ariko ubugari bw’impamyabushobozi ni ingirakamaro gusa iyo uruganda rushobora gukomeza kugenzura verisiyo. Imiterere ya keypad, kashe, cyangwa ikibaho ivuguruye ishobora gutuma bongera gusuzuma, bityo abaguzi bagomba kubaza uburyo igenzura ry’impinduka mu buhanga ricungwa uko igihe kigenda.

• Impamyabumenyi n'amabwiriza asanzwe
• Agace, itsinda rya gazi, itsinda ry'umukungugu, n'itsinda ry'ubushyuhe
• Incamake y'isuzumabumenyi rya IP n'incamake y'ibizamini by'ibidukikije
• Amabwiriza yo gushyiraho no kubungabunga
• Ibikoresho bisimbura ibindi, uburyo bwo kwinjira mu nsinga, n'uburyo bwo guhuza ibikoresho
• Politiki yo kugenzura impinduka mu bijyanye no kuvugurura imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera

Uburyo abaguzi bagomba kugereranya abatanga ibicuruzwa badakoresheje imvugo ya tekiniki

Uburyo bwiza bwo kugereranya ni ugutanga amanota ku batanga serivisi ku bijyanye n'uko umushinga wubahirizwa, kuramba kwawo, n'uko uhuye n'ibyo batanga.

Kugereranyauruganda rukora terefone zidaturikaBiroroshye iyo itsinda rikoresha urutonde rw'ibintu aho gukoresha ibitekerezo by'umuntu ku giti cye. Tangira utandukanye amategeko n'ibintu by'ingenzi. Ibintu by'ingenzi birimo icyemezo cy'ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, amanota akwiye y'ahantu, n'ibikoresho bikwiye byo gushyiraho. Ibintu by'ingenzi birimo kumva neza amajwi, kurinda cyane intoki, no koroshya uburyo bwo kubungabunga.

Urugero, umucuruzi ukora umushinga wo gutunganya amashanyarazi ashobora kubanza gukenera kugaragaza ko arinda guturika, mu gihe umucuruzi ukora ku bidukikije byangiza mu nyanja ashobora gukenera ibimenyetso bikomeye byerekana ko hari ubudahangarwa bw'umunyu n'ubudahangarwa bw'imirasire ya UV. Umushinga wa gereza, tunnel, cyangwa metro ushobora kwita cyane ku budahangarwa bw'ibyangiritse n'uburyo bwo kubigeraho bugenzurwa kuruta kwita ku cyemezo cy'akarere ka gaze. Umuryango umwe w'ibikoresho ntushobora kubahiriza buri kibazo cyose cy'ikoreshwa, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gukora isuzuma ry'ikoreshwa ryabyo.

Iyo abaguzi basabye ayo makuru hakiri kare, bigabanya ibyago byo gushorwa mu mushinga kandi bigagabanya ibihe byo kwemeza. Ibyo ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku bigo bicunga imikorere n'abahuza ibikorwa bagomba gutanga inyandiko z'amategeko mbere yo gutanga, atari nyuma yo gushyiraho.

Ni izihe mpamyabumenyi n'ibikorwa by'inyongera byongera icyizere?

Icyizere kiriyongera iyo uruganda rushobora kugaragaza ko rufite gahunda ijyanye n'imikorere irenze uburyo bwo kurinda guturika.

Nubwo ATEX na IECEx ari byo byemezo by’ingenzi, hari uburyo bwinshi bushyigikira butuma icyizere kirushaho kwiyongera. Imicungire y’ubuziranenge ya ISO 9001, igenzura ryinjira mu buryo bwanditse, gukurikirana ibibanza, no kugenzura ibikoresho byo gupima byose bigira uruhare mu kwizerwa. Ku mishinga imwe n’imwe, umuguzi ashobora kandi gusaba amatangazo ya RoHS cyangwa REACH kugira ngo habeho iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko, cyane cyane niba umushinga ufite ibisabwa mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga cyangwa mu kubungabunga ibidukikije. Nta na kimwe muri ibi gisimbura icyemezo cy’ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, ariko hamwe na hamwe bigaragaza ikigo gikuze mu gukora ibintu.

Ikindi kimenyetso cy'ingirakamaro ni ukumenya niba umucuruzi atangaza imipaka isobanutse neza y'ikoreshwa. Uruganda rwizewe ruzavuga aho ibicuruzwa bidakwiye gukoreshwa, nko mu gace ko hejuru, mu itsinda ritandukanye rya gazi, cyangwa mu cyiciro cy'ibidukikije gikomeye. Ubwo bwoko bw'igenzura ni ikimenyetso cyiza kuko bugaragaza disipuline y'ubuhanga aho kuba iy'ikirenga.

Niba urimo kubaka sisitemu y'itumanaho rivanze, bishobora kuba ingirakamaro gusuzumaterefone zikoresha intokinaTerefone za SIPhamwe n'uburyo bwo gushyira ahantu hashobora guteza akaga, kuko imishinga myinshi y'inganda ihuza guhamagara byihutirwa, itumanaho ryo kohereza ibicuruzwa, no guhuza imiyoboro y'itumanaho.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Ku Bijyanye n'Impamyabumenyi z'Uruganda rwa Terefone Zidaturika

1. Ese ATEX irahagije ku ruganda rukora telefoni zidaturika?

ATEX irahagije gusa ku bisabwa ku isoko ry’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, ariko imishinga myinshi ikenera kandi IECEx cyangwa kwemezwa n’ahantu hashobora guteza akaga mu gace runaka, hamwe n’ibizamini by’umutekano mu nganda kugira ngo harebwe niba biramba.

2. Ni ikihe cyemezo cy'ingenzi cyane ku mishinga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga?

IECEx ikunze kuba ingirakamaro cyane ku mishinga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kuko ishyigikira isuzumabumenyi ryemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu masoko menshi.

3. Ese telefoni idaturika ikeneye IP66 cyangwa IP67?

Si ko buri gihe amategeko abivuga, ariko inganda nyinshi zikenera uburinzi bukomeye bwo kwinjira kuko ivumbi, imvura, n'amazi bishobora kwangiza ibikoresho bidashobora guturika gusa.

4. Ni izihe ngamba nkwiye gusaba kureba uretse ATEX?

Saba IEC 60079-0, IEC 60079-1 niba hari igishushanyo mbonera kidasha, hamwe n'ibyerekeye ingress ikenewe hamwe n'ibizamini bya EMC.

5. Namenya nte ko telefoni ifite umutekano kuri Zone 1 cyangwa Zone 2?

Reba ikimenyetso cy'ibikoresho ku cyemezo n'urupapuro rw'amakuru; Akarere ka 1 na Akarere ka 2 ntabwo bisimburana, kandi uwabikoze agomba kuvuga akarere kemejwe neza.

6. Kuki inyandiko ari ingenzi cyane?

Kubera ko ibikoresho byo mu gace gashobora guteza akaga bishingiye ku buryo bwo kubishyiraho, amategeko agenga isuku, n'igenzura rya verisiyo, atari ibikoresho ubwabyo gusa.

7. Nkora iki iyo umutanga serivisi ampaye agatabo gusa?

Saba icyemezo, indangamanota zisanzwe, igitabo cy'amabwiriza yo gushyiraho, amabwiriza yo kubungabunga, n'ikimenyetso nyacyo mbere yo kwemererwa na tekiniki.

Ku bijyanye no kugura itumanaho mu gace gafite ibyago, ibyiza niuruganda rukora terefone zidaturikaniyo ishobora kugaragaza ko amategeko yubahirizwa, igasobanura ibizamini by’umutekano mu nganda mu mvugo yumvikana, kandi igahuza igikoresho n’imiterere nyayo y’aho gikorera. Urwo ruvange nirwo rugabanya gutinda gutangwa, rukarinda abakozi, kandi rugatuma sisitemu ikomeza gukoreshwa mu gihe ibidukikije biri mu kaga gakomeye.