Terefone 7 za mbere zirinda guturika mu mutekano w'inganda

Intangiriro

Mu bice by’inganda biteje akaga, igikoresho kigendanwa kitagendanwa gishobora guhindura itumanaho risanzwe mu kaga ko gutwika. Iyi nkuru isuzuma telefoni ndwi zidashobora guturika zagenewe ahantu hari imyuka itwika, umwuka, cyangwa ivumbi rishobora gushya, yibanda ku bintu by’ingenzi cyane muri sisitemu z’umutekano. Uziga uburyo ibi bikoresho bitandukanye na telefoni zisanzwe, ibyemezo n’amanota yo kurinda bigomba kugenzura, n’uburyo ibintu nk’igishushanyo cya bateri, kuramba, inkunga y’umuyoboro, no gukoresha intoki nta nkomyi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’aho bakorera. Incamake igamije gufasha abashinzwe umutekano, injeniyeri, n’amatsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko kugereranya amahitamo neza mbere yo kujya mu isesengura ry’ibicuruzwa.

Impamvu telefoni zirinda guturika ari ingenzi ku mutekano w'inganda

Ibidukikije by’inganda birangwa no kuba hari imyuka itwika, umwuka cyangwa ivumbi rishobora gushya bisaba ibikorwaremezo byihariye by’itumanaho kugira ngo ibikorwa bikomeze kandi bibungabunge umutekano w’abakozi. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoresha telefoni bitera ibyago bikomeye byo gutwika muri utu duce dufite akaga, bigatuma ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryabyotelefoni zirinda guturikaitegeko ry'ingenzi rijyanye no kubahiriza amategeko n'umutekano.

Ibi bikoresho byihariye, bikunze kwitwa telefoni zigendanwa zitekanye, byakozwe kugira ngo birinde irekurwa ry’ingufu zihagije z’amashanyarazi cyangwa ubushyuhe kugira ngo bitere uruvange rw’ikirere ruteje akaga. Gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zikomeye z’itumanaho rigendanwa hakoreshejwe ibi bikoresho byemewe bigabanya ibyago by’impanuka mu nganda mu gihe bifasha guhanahana amakuru mu buryo bwihuse no gukorana mu buryo bwa kure.

Uburyo telefoni zidashobora guturika zigabanya ibyago byo gutumanaho

Ibyuma by'ikoranabuhanga bisanzwe bikoreshwa n'abantu bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gushyushya umuriro, harimo imiyoboro migufi ya bateri, gusohora umuriro ukoresheje amashanyarazi, no gushyuha cyane kw'ibice byayo. Bateri isanzwe ya terefone igendanwa ishobora gukora byoroshye micro-spark irenga mililijoule 0.25 (mJ), irenze ingufu nkeya zisabwa ku mvange nyinshi z'umwuka uhindagurika wa hydrocarbon.

Telefoni zirinda guturika zigabanya izi ngaruka binyuze mu mahame y’umutekano. Mu kugabanya cyane ingufu z’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi biboneka ku miyoboro y’ibikoresho—ndetse no mu bihe bikomeye by’impanuka—izi telefoni zemeza ko icyatsi icyo ari cyo cyose gishobora kuba kiri munsi cyane y’urugero rw’ibyatsi bikomeye. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu zigezweho zo gucunga ubushyuhe zigabanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, zikabuza igikoresho gukora nk'isoko y’ubushyuhe ndetse no mu gihe cy’imirimo ikomeye yo gutunganya cyangwa igihe kirekire cyo kohereza telefoni mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya +60°C.

Inganda n'ibintu biteje akaga bizikeneye

Kuba hakenewe ibikoresho by'itumanaho bidaturika bikorerwa mu nzego nyinshi z'inganda.inganda za peteroli na gaze, ibikorwa byo gucukura amazi yo mu nkombe zo hejuru n'inganda zitunganya amazi zo mu nkombe zo hepfo zikora buri gihe mu gace ka ATEX ka 1 (imyuka) no mu gace ka 2. Inganda zitunganya imiti zikenera ibikoresho bitagira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije kugira ngo zicunge ingaruka ziterwa n'ibintu bishongesha amazi bihindagurika, ibikoresho bisaba imbaraga zitazagwa mu gihe cy'akazi gasanzwe cyangwa igihe habayeho kugwa nabi ku bw'impanuka.

Uretse ibikomoka kuri peteroli, ubuhinzi,urwego rw'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, n'urw'imitiIhura n’ingaruka zikomeye z’umukungugu utwika. Ahantu ho gutunganya ibinyampeke n’aho gusya imiti akenshi bishyirwa mu byiciro by’ahantu hateje akaga muri Zone 21 cyangwa Zone 22. Muri ibi bice, ivumbi rishobora gushya ryiyongera ku gikoresho gisanzwe rishobora gutera ubushyuhe bukabije ndetse n’umuriro ukaza nyuma. Telefoni zirinda guturika zagenewe ahantu hateje akaga zifite uburinzi bwihariye bwo kwinjira kugira ngo zifunge burundu uduce duto tw’ibintu, bityo zigatuma imikorere yazo ihora ihindagurika.

Ni iki gisobanura telefoni idaturika

Kumenya telefoni idaturika bisaba kureba kure y’ibisabwa mu kwamamaza bisanzwe. Ibikoresho nyabyo bidaturika bigenwa n’urutonde rw’ibyemezo mpuzamahanga, ubuhanga bwihariye mu by’ikoranabuhanga, n’imikorere yihariye y’umutekano yagenewe abakozi b’inganda bashobora guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye.

Ibi bikoresho bigomba kuringaniza ibisabwa mu kubara bya porogaramu zigezweho z’inganda n’ingufu zikomeye zisabwa kugira ngo umutekano wabyo ukomeze kuba mwiza, bigatuma habaho imiterere yihariye cyane y’itumanaho rigendanwa.

Impamyabumenyi, amanota y’inyongera, n’amahame y’umutekano y’ibanze

Ibisobanuro by'ibanze bya telefoni idapfa guturika bishingiye ku byangombwa byayo by'amategeko. Ibikoresho bigomba kubahiriza amahame ngenderwaho yo mu karere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga nkaAmabwiriza ya ATEX 2014/34/EUmu Burayi, IECEx ku isi yose, na UL913 cyangwa amahame ya Class/Division muri Amerika ya Ruguru. Izi mpamyabumenyi zigena neza uturere dufite ibyago byinshi (urugero, Zone 1/21 ku byago bikomeye, Zone 2/22 ku byago bike) igikoresho cyemerewe kwinjiramo n'amategeko.

Hamwe n'umutekano w'imbere harimo ukwinjira cyane no kuramba cyane. Ibisabwa bisanzwe birimo icyemezo cya IP68, gihamya ko igikoresho gishobora kwihanganira kwibira mu mazi kugeza kuri metero 1.5 mu gihe cy'iminota 30, no kurinda burundu ukwinjira mu mukungugu w'udukoko duto. Byongeye kandi, ibi bikoresho bigomba gutsinda ibizamini bikomeye byo kugwa, akenshi bikurikiza amahame ya MIL-STD-810H, bikareba ko inzitizi z'imbere mu buryo butekanye zigumaho nubwo zagwa metero 1.2 kuri beto ikomeye inshuro nyinshi.

Igishushanyo cya bateri, uburyo bwo kuvugana n'umuntu ku giti cye, hamwe n'imikorere y'umukozi wenyine

Imiterere ya bateri igenzurwa cyane muri telefoni zidashobora guturika. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubushyuhe bukomeza gukwirakwira no kugabanya ingufu zihari, ubushobozi bwa bateri akenshi buragabanuka, akenshi buri hagati ya 3000 mAh na 4400 mAh ku bikoresho bya Zone 1. Izi bateri zihora zihujwe cyangwa zikenera ibikoresho byihariye byo kuzikuramo kugira ngo hirindwe ko zihagarara mu gace kateje akaga, bishobora gutera impanuka.

Uretse umutekano w'ibikoresho, izi telefoni zigaragazwa n'imikorere yazo. Utubuto twagenewe Push-to-Talk (PTT) dutuma habaho itumanaho ryihuse, nk'irya radiyo binyuze ku miyoboro ya telefoni, bikaba ari ingenzi ku bakozi bambaye uturindantoki twinshi. Byongeye kandi, Lone Worker Protection (LWP) ikoresha accelerometers na gyroscopes bya telefoni kugira ngo imenye ibintu bitari byo; urugero, kumenya aho umukozi ahengamiye kuri dogere 60 bigaragaza ko yaguye, cyangwa ko yaguye mu buryo burenze amasegonda 0.5, bigahita bitera protocole za SOS zihutirwa hamwe na GPS coordinates zo gusakaza.

Terefone 7 za mbere zirinda guturika zigereranywa

Isoko rya telefoni zidashobora guturika ni iry’umwihariko cyane, riganjemo itsinda ry’inganda zishora imari nyinshi mu buhanga bwo kubahiriza amategeko. Guhitamo icyitegererezo gikwiye bisaba gusuzuma ibyiciro byihariye by’ahantu hashobora guteza akaga by’ikigo ukurikije ubushobozi bw’igikoresho.

Mu gihe telefoni zisanzwe zigendanwa zirushanwa ku buryo kamera igaragara neza ndetse n'ingano ya bezel, izo terefone zidashobora guturika zirushanwa ku buryo bworoshye, ubugari bw'impamyabushobozi, ndetse n'imikorere irambye mu nganda zikomeye.

Uburyo moderi 7 za mbere zigereranywa

Ibikoresho bikomeye ku isoko ry’umutekano wabyo bitanga ibisobanuro bitandukanye bijyanye n’ibisabwa mu mikorere. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza uburyo moderi zirindwi zizwi zigereranywa mu bipimo by’ingenzi by’inganda.

Moderi zagenewe ibidukikije bya Zone 1/21 zifite ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ingufu cyane, mu gihe ibikoresho bya Zone 2, nka Sonim RS60 cyangwa Atexxo iPhones zahinduwe, bitanga ubushobozi bwo hejuru bwa bateri n'ibikoresho byagutse nk'iby'abaguzi bitewe n'amategeko yoroshye gato.

Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi hagati y'amahitamo meza

Guhitamo muri izi moderi nziza bisaba kunyura mu buryo butandukanye. Ihuriro rikomeye ni hagati y’imiterere y’ibipimo by’imiterere n’imiterere y’ahantu hashobora kwangirika. Ibikoresho byemewe na Zone 1 bikoresha ibikoresho bikomeye byo mu gikoni n’udusanduku twihariye tudatwara amazi, akenshi bisunika uburemere bw’igikoresho birenga garama 300 bigatuma kiba kinini. Ku rundi ruhande, ibikoresho bya Zone 2 byoroshye kandi byegereye ubwiza bw’abaguzi ariko ntibyemewe n’amategeko ko byajyanwa mu bice by’ibimera bihindagurika cyane.

Indi mpinduka ikomeye ikubiyemo imikorere y'amajwi ugereranyije n'igihe bateri imara. Ibidukikije by'inganda bikunze kurenga desibeli 90 (dB) z'urusaku rwo mu kirere. Ibikoresho nka Ecom Smart-Ex 02 na i.safe MOBILE IS530.1 bifite indangururamajwi zo hejuru zisunika hejuru ya 95 dB kugira ngo ubutumwa bwa PTT bwumvikane. Ariko, gutwara izi ndangururamajwi zikora cyane hamwe no gukurikirana GPS buri gihe kugira ngo umukozi umwe agire umutekano, bihita bigabanya bateri zitekanye, akenshi bigasaba amabwiriza akomeye yo gucunga ingufu kugira ngo igikoresho kigumane akazi mu masaha 12.

Uburyo bwo kugereranya ikiguzi n'ibijyanye no gutanga amasoko

Gugura telefoni zidashobora guturika bitanga amafaranga menshi, aho ikiguzi cyazo muri rusange kiri hagati ya $1,200 ku bikoresho bya Zone 2 kugeza ku $3,500 ku bikoresho bya Zone 1. Gusuzuma ibi bikoresho bisaba isesengura ryimbitse ry’imari rirenze kure igiciro cya mbere cyo kugura.

Abashinzwe imicungire y’ibikorwa byo gutwara abantu mu bigo bagomba kubara ikiguzi cyose cy’ubunyamwuga (TCO) bakurikije uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho, imicungire y’ubuzima bw’ibikoresho, n’ikiguzi cyihishe cy’igihe cyo kudakora kw’ibikoresho mu bikorwa by’ingenzi.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho bigaragaza ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga

Gutanga ibikoresho bya mbere akenshi bingana na 40% kugeza kuri 50% by'ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga telefoni idapfa guturika. Amafaranga asigaye atangwa mu gutanga uburenganzira bwa porogaramu, kugura ibikoresho byihariye, no gukomeza gutanga ubufasha mu ikoranabuhanga. Kubera ko ibi bikoresho bishyirwa ahantu habi, kwangirika kwabyo kwihuta; icyakora, kuba bikomeye bivuze ko igihe cyo kubisimbura gisanzwe ari imyaka 3 kugeza kuri 5, ugereranije n'igihe cy'umwaka umwe kugeza kuri 2 cy'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu nganda.

Igihe cyo kudakora ni cyo gipimo cy'ingenzi cyane mu mibare ya TCO. Iyo igikoresho cy'umuguzi cyangiritse mu ruganda rutunganya ibikoresho, umukozi ntashobora gusimbuza bateri cyangwa gukoresha telefoni y'agateganyo, kuko kubikora binyuranyije n'amategeko agenga umutekano. Ikiguzi cy'umukozi uri hanze y'ikoranabuhanga, cyangwa amande ashobora gucibwa ku bw'amategeko, biruta cyane amafaranga yishyurwa ku gikoresho cyemewe gifite umutekano mu buryo bwemewe gifite igipimo cyemewe cyo guhomba kw'ibikoresho buri mwaka.

Gutanga amasoko, serivisi, ibikoresho bisimbura ibindi, MDM, n'inkunga y'abatwara ibicuruzwa

Gutanga amasoko mu buryo bw’ingamba bisaba gusuzuma ubufasha bw’abacuruzi n’uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa. Abakora cyangwa abacuruza ibikoresho byihariye bakunze gushyira mu bikorwa Ingano nto z’ibicuruzwa (MOQs), akenshi kuva ku 10 kugeza kuri 50 kugira ngo haboneke ibiciro by’ibigo no gutanga firmware yihariye. Amasosiyete agomba kandi kubona neza ibikoresho byemewe; gusimbuza ecran cyangwa bateri ku gikoresho cyizewe bisaba ibigo byemewe kugira ngo bigumane icyemezo cya ATEX/IECEx.

Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo guhuza bugena uburyo bwo kubaho igihe kirekire. Ibikoresho bigomba gushyigikira kwiyandikisha nta gukoraho no guhuza neza naImicungire y'ibikoresho bya telefoni zigendanwa (MDM)Uburyo bwo gushyira ingufu mu bikorwa by’umutekano kure. Ubufasha ku batwara ibicuruzwa ni ingenzi cyane; amatsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko agomba kugenzura ko ibikoresho byatoranijwe byemewe ku miyoboro y’inganda zigenga za LTE/5G (nka CBRS band 48) cyangwa imiyoboro yihariye y’umutekano rusange nka FirstNet, bigamije gutuma habaho imikoranire idahagarara mu nganda ziri kure cyangwa zifite uburinzi bukomeye.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo telefoni irinda guturika neza

Guhitamo telefoni nziza idapfa guturika bisaba uburyo bujyanye n'amategeko n'uko abakoresha babyubahiriza. Igikoresho kidahuye gishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'umutekano, gukoresha nabi ikoranabuhanga, no gusesagura imari.

Mu gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutoranya abantu bushingiye ku igenzura rya tekiniki no kugerageza ibikorwa by’ubushakashatsi, ibigo bishobora gushyiraho uburyo bwoitsinda ry'itumanaho rigendanwaibyo byongera imikorere myiza bitabangamiye umutekano w'ikigo.

Uburyo bwo gutoranya intambwe ku yindi

Guhitamo bigomba gutangirira ku igenzura ryimbitse ry’aho ibintu biherereye. Abashinzwe umutekano bagomba gushushanya ikigo kugira ngo bamenye neza ingano y’ahantu haherereye muri Zone ya 1 ugereranyije n’ahaherereye muri Zone ya 2. Niba 10% by’ikigo ari byo byonyine byashyizwe mu cyiciro cya 1, gushyiraho ibikoresho bihenze bya Zone ya 1 bishobora kuba bitari ngombwa; gushyiraho ibikoresho bivanze bishobora kunoza ingengo y’imari. Hanyuma, amashami y’ikoranabuhanga agomba gushyiraho ibisabwa muri porogaramu, akareba ko ibikoresho byatoranijwe bishyigikira amahame asabwa ya Android Enterprise Recommended cyangwa porogaramu zihariye zo kubungabunga.

Nyuma y’igenzura rya tekiniki, ibigo bigomba gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda y’igerageza ihamye. Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira ibice 2 kugeza kuri 5 by’ibizamini by’imideli yatoranyijwe mu mwanya w’akazi mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 kugeza kuri 90 y’isuzuma. Muri iki cyiciro, abakozi bo mu murima bapima ibikoresho bambaye ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kwirinda umuntu (PPE), basuzuma uburyo ecran ikora neza bakoresheje uturindantoki turemereye kandi basuzuma uburyo amajwi ya PTT asobanutse neza hafi y’imashini zikora.

Ibisabwa mu gufata icyemezo ku rutonde rwa nyuma rw'abagomba gutoranywa

Mu kurangiza urutonde rw’abagomba gufata ibyemezo, abafata ibyemezo bagomba gusuzuma ibikoresho bakurikije ibipimo by’ikigo bigamije ibidukikije biteje akaga. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza ibintu by’ingenzi bigomba gusobanurwa mu cyiciro cya nyuma cyo guhitamo.

Umwanzuro wa nyuma ugomba kuba ubwumvikane hagati y’ishami rya HSE (Ubuzima, Umutekano, n’Ibidukikije), rikareba neza ko udusanduku twose twubahiriza amategeko tugenzurwa, ndetse n’abakoresha, bakareba neza ko igikoresho gikoreshwa neza. Igikoresho cyujuje ibisabwa byose ariko gifite uburyo bugoye bwo gukoresha gants zo mu nganda kizabangamira umusaruro kandi kinanirane n’inshingano zacyo z’ingenzi zo gutumanaho.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Imyanzuro y'ingenzi n'impamvu z'ingenzi kuri telefoni zirinda guturika
• Ibisobanuro, kubahiriza amategeko, n'igenzura ry'ingaruka bikwiye kwemezwa mbere yo kwiyemeza
• Intambwe zikurikiraho zifatika n'ibyo abasomyi bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa ako kanya

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iki gituma telefoni idaturika koko?

Igomba kuba ifite ibyangombwa by’ahantu hashobora guteza akaga nka ATEX, IECEx, cyangwa UL913, hamwe n’ibipimo by’ahantu hakwiriye nka Zone 1/21 cyangwa Zone 2/22. Ubukana bwonyine ntibuhagije.

Ni izihe nganda zikeneye telefoni zirinda guturika kurusha izindi?

Peteroli na gaze, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, inganda zikora imiti, imicungire y'ibinyampeke, ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi, n'ahantu ho kubaka hafite ibyago byo gutwika cyangwa ivumbi rishobora gushya, hakenewe ibikoresho byemewe.

Nigute nahitamo amanota akwiye y’ahantu hashobora gutera ibyago?

Huza icyemezo cya telefoni n'urwego rw'urubuga rwawe. Agace ka 1/21 gakwiriye ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n'impanuka nyinshi; Agace ka 2/22 gakwiriye ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n'impanuka nke. Buri gihe genzura ibisabwa n'amategeko yo mu gace utuyemo mbere yo kugura.

Kuki watekereza kuri Siniwo ku bijyanye n'uburyo bw'itumanaho budaturika?

Siniwo itanga serivisi z’itumanaho ry’inganda ku buryo bumwe, kuva ku gushushanya no guhuza kugeza ku gushyiraho no kubungabunga, hamwe n’ibikoresho byemewe ku bidukikije biteje akaga kandi bikomeye mu bihugu birenga 70.

Ese telefoni zirinda guturika zirahagije kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu buryo bwuzuye mu bijyanye n'umutekano mu nganda?

Ubusanzwe si ko bimeze. Bakorana neza na telefoni zihujwe, intercom, udusanduku tw’itumanaho ryihutirwa, sisitemu za PA, na IP PBX/VoIP kugira ngo barebe ko habaho itumanaho ryizewe ku rubuga rwose.