Uburyo Abavuga mu Nganda Bahuza na Sisitemu y'Itumanaho ya SIP na IP

Impamvu guhuza SIP Speaker ari ingenzi kuri sisitemu za IP z'inganda

Imiterere y'itumanaho ry'inganda yahindutse cyane cyane kuva kuri sisitemu imwe y'amakuru ya analog paging ijya kuri interineti ikwirakwizwa, ishingiye kuri IP. Ku isonga ry'iyi gahunda hari umuvugizi wa SIP, urubuga rwihariye ruhuza isakazwa ry'amajwi n'itumanaho ry'ibigo. Binyuze mu gukoresha Protocole ya Session Initiation (SIP), izi mashini zikora ku miyoboro y'itumanaho iriho (LANs) kandi zigashyirwa ku rutonde rw'imiyoboro isanzwe kuriIsoko ry'Amashami Yigenga rya IP(IP-PBX) cyangwa urubuga rw'itumanaho ruhuriweho.

Gushyira indangururamajwi za SIP muri sisitemu ya IP y’inganda bikuraho gukenera amajwi yihariye hamwe na amplifier ya 70V/100V ikoreshwa mu byuma bikomeye. Ahubwo, uburyo amajwi anyuramo, imiterere y’ahantu, no gushyira imbere ibintu bikorerwa kuri porogaramu, bigatanga topology ishoboka cyane aho kongeramo information end nshya bisaba gusa Ethernet drop na aderesi ya IP ihari.

Kwagura paging, gutanga amakuru, no gutangaza amakuru yihutirwa

Inyungu nyamukuru yo guhuza indangururamajwi za SIP ni uburyo bwo kongerera itumanaho ry’ibigo mu buryo butagorana mu nganda. Muri sisitemu za kera, gushyira ahagaragara itangazo ry’ubutabazi bwihutirwa cyangwa itangazo risanzwe ryo gutanga amakuru akenshi byasabaga uburyo bwa kabiri bwo gukoresha interineti cyangwa konsole za mikoro. Hamwe n’imiterere y’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha SIP, telefoni ya IP yemewe, umukiriya wa softphone, cyangwa sisitemu yo kohereza amakuru yikora ishobora guhita ifungura umuyoboro w’amajwi w’inzira ebyiri cyangwa umwe ujya mu ruganda, mu bubiko, cyangwaagace gatunganya ibintu biteje akaga.

Uku guhuza bigabanya cyane gutinda kumenyesha, bigatuma amakuru y’ingenzi cyangwa ibiganiro by’umutekano byikora bigera mu turere tw’ingenzi mu gihe kiri munsi ya milisegonda 150. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko SIP ishyigikira amategeko agoye yo guhamagara, itumanaho ryihutirwa rishobora gushyirwaho kugira ngo rihindure umuziki usanzwe cyangwa amapaji y’imikorere adakenewe cyane mu buryo bwikora. Indangururamajwi za SIP zigezweho nazo zirimo mikoro zubatswemo, bigatuma habahoInteruro yuzuye ya duplexubushobozi cyangwa kugenzura urusaku rwo mu kirere, bihindura ingano y'umusaruro hakurikijwe imiterere y'amajwi yo mu kigo mu gihe nyacyo.

Aho indangururamajwi za SIP zihurira muri VoIP na IP networks

Mu rwego rwagutse rw'imiyoboro ya Voice over IP (VoIP), indangururamajwi za SIP zishyirwa mu byiciro nk'ibikoresho by'ubwenge byo mu mpande. Ziyandikisha kuri seriveri ya SIP—yaba Cisco Unified Communications Manager iri ku rubuga, Asterisk instance ifunguye, cyangwa urubuga rwa UCaaS ruri mu bicu—nk'uko bimeze kuri telefoni isanzwe ya VoIP. Uku gushyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho gutuma habaho imikoranire hagati y'abacuruzi batandukanye ba hardware na porogaramu.

Uretse guhamagara SIP unicast, izi ndangururamajwi zikunze gushyigikira protocole za multicast kugira ngo zimenyeshwe abantu benshi. Mu buryo busanzwe bwa VoIP, guhamagara SIP bishobora gutangizwa kuri master spoker cyangwa gateway ya SIP multicast, hanyuma bigahindura stream ya RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) muri IP multicast. Ubu buryo buvanze bubuza bandwidth ya network saturation, bigatuma amagana y'amajwi yakira synchronized payloads nta gusaba IP-PBX gushyiraho amagana y'amaseminari ya SIP icyarimwe.

Ni iki gisobanura umuvugizi wa SIP w'inganda

Bitandukanye n'indangururamajwi zisanzwe za analogi, zikaba ari ibice bidakora byishingikiriza gusa ku kongera ingufu no gutunganya ibimenyetso, indangururamajwi za SIP zo mu nganda ni igikoresho cy'umuyoboro gikora kandi cyigenga. Gihuza inshingano za karita y'umuyoboro, poroseseri y'amajwi ya digitale (DSP), amplifier y'amajwi ya Class-D, na transducer y'amashanyarazi mu gice kimwe gikomeye.

Imikorere y'ibanze irenze amajwi y'ibanze y'umuyoboro

Ubwenge buri muri indangururamajwi ya SIP bworohereza imikorere irenze guhindura ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi mo amajwi. Imbuga za SIP zigezweho zifite DSP zikora akazi ko gusiba ijwi ry'ijwi ry'amajwi, kugenzura ijwi ry'amajwi mu buryo bwikora, no kuringaniza ijwi. Ibi bituma ijwi ryumvikana neza ndetse no mu bidukikije bigoye kumva ijwi nk'inganda z'ibyuma cyangwa inganda zikora peteroli.

Byongeye kandi, ibi bikoresho bikora isuzuma ryimbitse kandi bigakurikirana ubuzima bw'umuyoboro. Indangururamajwi ya SIP y'inganda ishobora gushyirwaho kugira ngo ikore isuzuma ry'amasegonda 60, igaragaza uko yiyandikishije, ubushyuhe bw'imbere, n'ubuziranenge bw'indangururamajwi bugasubira kuri sisitemu yo gucunga SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). Iyo igikoresho cyatakaje umurongo w'itumanaho cyangwa kikabona ikibazo cya hardware, umuyobozi wa sisitemu ahita abimenyesha, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gusana (MTTR) ugereranije na sisitemu za analog aho indangururamajwi zapfuye zikunze kutamenyekana kugeza habaye ikibazo.

Porotokole z'ingenzi n'imiyoboro: SIP, RTP, PoE, GPIO, na relays

Ubushobozi bw'imikorere bw'indangururamajwi za SIP bushingiye ku mubare munini w'amabwiriza agenga ikoreshwa ry'itumanaho n'imiyoboro ifatika. Mu gihe SIP (RFC 3261) icunga uburyo bwo gutanga amajwi, gushyiraho session, no kuyagabanya, RTP icunga uburyo bwo gutanga amajwi ya digitale. Kugira ngo ikoreshe amplifier y'imbere n'ibikoresho bya networking bidasaba kugabanuka k'amashanyarazi ya AC, ibi bikoresho bikoresha cyane Power over Ethernet (PoE).

Byongeye kandi, indangururamajwi za SIP zo mu nganda zikunze kugira udupira twa General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) hamwe n'udupira tw'itumanaho tw'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry ...itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'itumanaho ry'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ry'

Uburyo bwo kugereranya SIP na IP Indangagaciro z'Inganda

Kugena indangururamajwi za SIP zikwiye mu nganda bisaba isuzuma rikomeye ry’ubushobozi bw’itumanaho rya elegitoroniki ndetse n’imikorere y’amajwi. Abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bagomba kuringaniza uburyo umuyoboro uhuza ibintu n’ibidukikije bikomeye by’inganda, bakareba ko igikoresho gishobora guca urusaku rwinshi mu gihe kidashobora kwangizwa n’umukungugu, ubushuhe n’ingaruka za mekanike.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi bishingirwaho mu isuzuma

Icyiciro cya mbere cyo kugereranya gikubiyemo gusuzuma imiterere y'ikoranabuhanga. Inkunga ya Codec ni ikintu cy'ingenzi gitandukanya. Nubwo hafi ya za speaker zose za SIP zishyigikira codec isanzwe ya narrowband G.711 (PCMU / PCMA) kugira ngo ihuze na telefoni, moderi nziza zishyigikira codec za wideband nka G.722 cyangwa Opus. Amajwi ya wideband yongera cyane ubushobozi bwo kumva neza ijambo binyuze mu kwagura igisubizo kuva kuri 3.4 kHz kugeza kuri 7 kHz cyangwa hejuru yayo, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu gusobanukirwa amabwiriza agoye yihutirwa.

Ubushobozi bwo kubika amakuru no kubika amakuru mu buryo bworoshye nabyo biratandukanye bitewe n’uburyo bwo kubika amakuru. Indangururamajwi za SIP zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zirimo ububiko bwa flash buri mu bubiko kugira ngo zibike dosiye za WAV cyangwa MP3 zafashwe amajwi mbere. Ibi bituma igikoresho gikoresha amajwi yo kuburira akoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye, ubutumwa bwo gusohoka, cyangwa inzogera zihindura imikorere zikozwe na chronometero y’imbere cyangwa itegeko rya HTTP API ryo hanze, bigabanyiriza kwishingikiriza ku guhuza kwa WAN guhoraho.

Ibisabwa mu gutanga amajwi, kuyakoresha, no kuyashyira hamwe

Imiterere y'amajwi n'uburyo bwo kuyakoresha bigena ingano y'indangururamajwi zikenewe mu nyubako. Ubusanzwe ibidukikije by'inganda bisaba urwego rwo hejuru rw'umuvuduko w'amajwi (SPL). Indangururamajwi isanzwe ya SIP yo mu biro ishobora gutanga 90 dB kuri metero 1, mu gihe indangururamajwi ya SIP yo mu nganda igomba gutanga buri gihe hagati ya 115 dB na 120 dB kuri metero 1 kugira ngo itsinde urusaku rukomeye rw'imashini.

Abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi bagomba gukoresha itegeko rya kare rihindagurika iyo bagereranya ibipimo by'ubwikorezi: umuvuduko w'amajwi ugabanukaho hafi 6 dB kuri buri ntera ikuba kabiri uvuye aho ukorera. Niba hasi mu ruganda hari urusaku ruhoraho rwa 85 dB, sisitemu yo gupima mu gihe cy'impanuka igomba kugeza 95 dB ku gutwi k'uwumva. Indangururamajwi ya SIP ifite ubushobozi bwa 115 dB kuri metero 1 izagabanuka ikagera kuri 95 dB kuri metero 10, ibi bikaba bigena neza aho intera n'aho ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu gihe cy'igishushanyo.

Amanota y'ibidukikije ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'inganda igoye

Ikintu kiranga umuvuduko wa SIP "w'inganda" ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhangana n'imashini. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu nganda,ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, cyangwa ibidukikije byo mu mazi bigomba kugira amanota akomeye yo kurinda kwinjira (IP). Nibura IP66 ni yo isanzwe ku bice by’inganda bigenzurwa n’amazi, bigatuma habaho uburinzi bwuzuye ku ivumbi n’amazi akomeye, mu gihe moderi za IP67 zishobora kwihanganira kurengerwa n’amazi by’agateganyo.

Kwihanganira ubushyuhe no kudakora neza ni ingenzi cyane. Indangururamajwi zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi akenshi zinanirwa munsi ya 0°C cyangwa hejuru ya 40°C. Indangururamajwi nyazo za SIP zigizwe n'udukingirizo twa polycarbonate twa aluminiyumu cyangwa UV-stabilized polycarbonate dushobora gukora neza mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -40°C na +65°C. Byongeye kandi, amanota y'ingaruka ku mubiri, nka IK10, ni ingenzi ku bikoresho bishyizwe mu bice by'imodoka cyangwa ahantu hakunze kwangirika no gukubitwa n'imashini ku buryo butunguranye.

Uburyo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo guhuza SIP Speaker bwizewe

Gukoresha indangururamajwi za SIP bisaba guhuza ubuhanga bw'amajwi n'imicungire ikomeye y'umuyoboro wa IT. Kubera ko ibi bikoresho bisangiye ibikorwa remezo n'amakuru y'ikigo, kugenzura amashusho, na sisitemu zo kugenzura imikorere y'ikoranabuhanga, gukoresha amajwi ya SIP nabi bishobora kugira ingaruka zo guhungabana, gucika intege, ndetse no kubura ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu mu gihe cy'impanuka zikomeye.

Gushushanya inzira zo guhamagara, ahantu ho guhamagara, n'ibihe byihutirwa

Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ritangirana no kugena aho guhamagara bigeze n'aho gushyira paji mu buryo bw'umwimerere. Abayobozi bagomba kugena aho SIP extensions ihurira n'ahantu runaka hafatika (urugero: Extension 5001 yo gushyiramo ibikoresho, Extension 5002 yo guteranya). Ku bijyanye n'imenyekanisha ry'abantu benshi rigamije uturere twinshi icyarimwe, kwishingikiriza gusa ku guhamagara SIP unicast kuri za ndangururamajwi ku giti cyabo bizakoresha imbaraga za PBX vuba.

Ahubwo, abayobozi bagomba gushyiraho uburyo bwa IP multicast. Muri uru rugendo, hahamagarwa SIP kuri master spoker cyangwa paging gateway yagenwe, hanyuma yohereza umurongo umwe wa RTP multicast kuri aderesi ya IP yihariye (urugero, 239.255.1.1). Indangururamajwi zose zo muri ako gace zashyizweho gahunda yo kwiyandikisha kuri iyo aderesi multicast binyuze muri Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), bigamije gutuma amajwi agaragara neza mu ruganda rwose nta kurenza urugero kuri seriveri ya SIP.

Gutegura umuyoboro w'itumanaho: VLAN, QoS, PoE, firewalls, na seriveri za SIP

Gutegura umuyoboro ukomeye ntabwo bishobora kuganirwaho ku majwi akoreshwa mu buryo bwihuse. Indangururamajwi za SIP zigomba gushyirwa ku murongo wa VLAN wihariye kugira ngo zitandukanye urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru menshi yo mu nganda. Kugira ngo habeho ubuziranenge bw'amajwi, politiki y'Ubwiza bwa Serivisi (QoS) igomba gukurikizwa cyane kuri switches na routers zose. Uburyo bwo guhamagara amajwi bwa RTP bugomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso cya Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) cya 46 (Expedited Forwarding), mu gihe uburyo bwo guhamagara amajwi bwa SIP busanzwe bwashyizwemo ikimenyetso cya DSCP 24 (CS3).

Gutanga umurambararo w'amajwi nabyo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi, nubwo muri rusange ari gito kuri buri gikoresho. Ijwi risanzwe rya G.711 rikoresha 87.2 kbps bya interineti y'umuyoboro. Ariko, gutanga ingufu bisaba kubara neza ingengo y'imari ya PoE. Iyo switch itanga 370W by'ingufu zose za PoE, ishobora gusa gushyigikira amahoni cumi n'abiri ya SIP y'inganda ya 30W (802.3at) mbere yo gukoresha ibikoresho by'inyongera byo gushakisha amashanyarazi cyangwa injectors zo hagati.

Gutanga serivisi, gupima amajwi, no kwemeza ko ibintu byacitse

Icyiciro cya nyuma cyo gushyira mu bikorwa ni ugushyiraho no kwemeza ko nta kintu na kimwe gishoboka. Isuzuma ry'amajwi rigomba gukorwa mu masaha yo gukora cyane kugira ngo SPL yashyizweho igabanye neza urusaku rwinshi rwo mu kirere. Abatekinisiye bagomba kugenzura ko mikoro zumva urusaku rwo mu kirere, niba zirimo ibikoresho, zihindura neza uburyo amplifier ikuramo nta kintu na kimwe gitera ubwiyongere bw'ibitekerezo.

Kwemeza ko sisitemu idashobora kubaho. Indangururamajwi za SIP zo mu nganda zigomba gushyirwaho aderesi za IP za seriveri ya SIP y’ibanze n’iya kabiri. Abayobozi bagomba kwigana uburyo PBX yananiwe mbere yo kugenzura ko indangururamajwi ziyandikisha neza kuri seriveri y’inyuma mbere yuko igihe cyo kwiyandikisha cya SIP cy’amasegonda 120 kirangira. Byongeye kandi, ibintu byo mu gace bidashobora kubaho—nk’uko gusubira mu bikorwa bya multicast gusa cyangwa gukina amajwi yihutirwa yafashwe mbere binyuze mu gutera inkunga GPIO niba kwiyandikisha kwa SIP kwabuze—bigomba kugeragezwa neza.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo imiterere ikwiye y'ikirangurura cya SIP

Guhitamo imiterere ikwiye y'itumanaho ry'inganda ni icyemezo cy'ingenzi gishyira mu mwanya abantu bose badafite aho bahuriye n'abandi,indangururamajwi za SIP zigengakurwanya imiterere y’inzira ya IP kuva kuri analog. Amahitamo meza aterwa n’ingano y’ikigo, ibikorwa remezo bihari, ibisabwa mu kubahiriza amategeko, n’intego z’igihe kirekire.

Indangururamajwi za SIP zihariye ugereranyije na sisitemu z'amajwi zo mu gace kamwe

Inyubako y’amajwi ya “decentralized architecture” ikoresha indangururamajwi za SIP zigenga, aho buri gice cy’amajwi kiba gifite ubwenge kandi gifatanye n’umuyoboro. Iyi topology itanga ubunini budasanzwe, butuma abayobozi bashobora guhindura ijwi, kugenzura ubuzima, no guhindura uturere twa “paging” ku buryo bw’indangururamajwi ku yindi nta guhindura insinga zifatika. Ku rundi ruhande, inyubako y’amajwi ya IP ishingiye ku gatebe ka SIP gafata ikimenyetso cya IP kakagihindura amajwi ya analog, bigatuma habaho indangururamajwi zisanzwe za 70V/100V “zidasobanutse” binyuze mu nsinga z’umuringa zifite ingufu nyinshi.

Kunoza iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko, uburyo bwo kuyabungabunga, n'ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bwose

Mu kuringaniza ubu buryo, kubahiriza amategeko agenga umutekano w’ubuzima ni byo bikunze kuba ingingo nyamukuru. Mu nzego zishyira mu bikorwa amategeko akaze agenga inkongi y’umuriro n’amakuru amenyesha abantu benshi, nka NFPA 72 muri Amerika ya Ruguru cyangwa EN 54-24 mu Burayi, sisitemu z’amajwi zigomba kubahiriza amahame yihariye yo kubaho, gusiga bateri, no kugenzura umurongo uhoraho. Sisitemu za 70V zo mu bwoko bwa centralized 70V zagiye ziganza muri aka gace bitewe n’inzira zashyizweho zo kwemeza amplifiers zazo.

Ariko, indangururamajwi za SIP zigezweho zigenda zikurikiza amategeko vuba binyuze mu gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura PoE network switches bushyigikiwe n'amashanyarazi adashobora gucika intege (UPS). Mu gihe cy'ubuzima, indangururamajwi za SIP zihariye zikunze gutanga ikiguzi gito cy'ubwishingizi (TCO). Nubwo ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho bya mbere kuri buri gice kiri hejuru, amashyirahamwe akuraho ikiguzi kinini cy'abakozi cyo gukoresha umuyoboro wa analog wihariye, kandi MTBF (Igihe cy'Uburinganire hagati y'Ibibazo) bya decentralized solid-state endpoints SIP akenshi irenga amasaha 50.000, bigabanya cyane amafaranga akoreshwa mu kubungabunga.

Uburyo bwa nyuma bwo gufata ibyemezo byo kugena sisitemu z'indangururamajwi za SIP

Ingingo ya nyuma yo gufata icyemezo cyo kugena sisitemu igomba gushingira ku topology y’ikigo n’ibyo gikeneye mu mikorere yacyo. Niba uruganda rufite insinga nini kandi nziza za 70V analog ariko rugashaka guhuzwa na IP-PBX igezweho, gukoresha gateway ya SIP-to-analog paging ni yo ntambwe ihendutse cyane.

Niba ikigo ari inyubako y’ubutaka butagira ingano, cyangwa niba ibisabwa bisaba kugenzura uturere duto, kwisuzuma mu buryo bwikora, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo gukoresha intercom mu buryo bubiri, imiterere y’indangururamajwi ya SIP yihariye ni yo mahitamo meza. Mu guhuza ibisabwa mu gukoresha amajwi n’ubushobozi bwa network ndetse n’ingengo y’imari y’ubuzima, injeniyeri zishobora gushyiraho sisitemu z’itumanaho mu nganda zituma umutekano utagira akajagari, ubuhanga bwo gusobanukirwa ibintu buri hejuru, no guhuza imikorere y’ibigo mu buryo butagoramye.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Koresha indangururamajwi za SIP nk'ibikoresho by'ubwenge bya IP kugira ngo wongere uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku buryo bwihuse ku nganda, mu bubiko, mu bigo by'amashuri makuru no mu turere dushobora guteza akaga.
• Teganya buri ndangururamajwi nshya ya SIP hakurikijwe igabanuka rya Ethernet, ibisabwa ku ngufu, na aderesi ya IP aho kwishingikiriza ku bikorwa remezo bya analoge amplifier ya 70V/100V.
• Shyiraho uburyo bwo guhamagara mu gihe cyihutirwa kugira ngo amakuru y'ingenzi ahinduke mu buryo bwikora, ahindure uburyo bwo kwandika paji, umuziki, cyangwa amatangazo adakwiye gushyirwa imbere.
• Koresha uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amakuru menshi (multicast paging) kugira ngo ukwirakwize umurongo umwe w'amajwi ya RTP uhuza amajwi n'amajwi menshi udakoresheje uburyo bwa IP-PBX.
• Hitamo ibikoresho bikomeye kandi byemewe n'amategeko ahantu hakomeye, cyane cyane aho hakenewe ingamba zo kwirinda imihindagurikire y'ikirere, kurinda ibisasu, cyangwa se aho ibipimo by'ubuziranenge mu nganda.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Indangururamajwi ya SIP ni iki mu buryo bw'itumanaho ry'inganda?

Indangururamajwi ya SIP ni umuyoboro w'amajwi uhujwe na interineti wiyandikisha kuri platform ya IP-PBX cyangwa VoIP nk'inyongera ya telefoni, bigatuma habaho paging, alerts, na streaming zihutirwa kuri LAN isanzweho.

Ni gute indangururamajwi za SIP zigabanya ubukana bw'ishyirwa mu bikorwa?

Bikuraho gukenera ibikoresho bikomeye byo gushyiramo amplifier ya analog na paging matrices yihariye. Mu bikorwa byinshi byo gushyiraho, kongeramo indangururamajwi bisaba ko habaho umurongo wa Ethernet, ingufu, na aderesi ya IP ihari.

Ese abavuga SIP bashobora gushyigikira amatangazo yihutirwa?

Yego. Uburyo bwo gukoresha SIP n'uburyo igikoresho gishyirwamo bishobora gushyira imbere guhamagara mu buryo bwihutirwa kugira ngo amakuru y'umutekano ahinduke uburyo bwo kwandika paji zisanzwe, umuziki wo inyuma, cyangwa ubutumwa budashyirwa imbere cyane.

Kuki uburyo bwo gushakisha amashusho menshi ari ingirakamaro mu bijyanye no gushakisha amashusho mu nganda?

Uburyo bwo gusohora amajwi menshi (Multicast) butuma ijwi rimwe rigera ku ndangururamajwi nyinshi icyarimwe, bikabuza IP-PBX gukora amaseti amagana ya SIP ku giti cyayo no gufasha mu kubungabunga amakuru menshi ahujwe.

Ese indangururamajwi za SIP zikwiriye ahantu habi cyangwa hateje akaga?

Imiterere y’inganda yubatswe ahantu hasaba imbaraga nyinshi nko mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, peteroli na gaze, ubwikorezi, ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi, gereza n’inyubako zo hanze. Siniwo inatanga ibikoresho by’itumanaho bikingira ikirere, bidashobora guterwa n’amazi, kandi bidashobora guturika.