Ibintu 5 by'ingenzi ugomba kwitaho mu gihe uhitamo telefoni y'inganda mu gusaba serivisi zo mu mazi no mu mahanga

Itumanaho ryiza rigira uruhare runini mu bikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja. Hafi 20% by'impanuka zo mu mazi zituruka ku kunanirwa kw'itumanaho, bigaragaza ko hakenewe uburyo bwizewe nka sisitemu yo gutumanaho mu buryo bwihutirwa. Imiterere mibi y'ibidukikije, nk'ikirere gikabije n'amazi y'umunyu yangiza, biragorana mu itumanaho. Guhitamo uburyo bukwiyetelefoni y'inganda, nk'urugerotelefoni y'inganda idakoresha amazi ikoreshwa mu mazicyangwaterefone irinda guturika mu nyanja, bishobora kongera umutekano n'imikorere myiza. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha telefoni ikomeye ku mbuga zo mu mahanga bituma itumanaho rikomeza kuba ryiza ndetse no mu bihe bigoye cyane.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Hitamo telefoni z'inganda zifite ubudahangarwa bwinshi ku bidukikije kugira ngo zihangane n'ibihe bikomeye byo mu mazi. Shaka ibintu nk'ubudahangarwa ku ingese naamanota menshi ya IPkugira ngo habeho ubwizerwe.
• Menya neza ko itumanaho ryizewe binyuze mu gushora imari muri sisitemu zo gutumanaho mu gihe cy’impanuka. Izi sisitemu zifasha mu kubungabunga itumanaho risobanutse neza mu bihe bikomeye, zikongera umutekano.
• Shyira imberekubahiriza amahame ngenderwaho y'ingandamu gihe uhitamo terefone. Gukurikiza amabwiriza nka IEC 60945 n'amabwiriza ya ATEX bitanga umutekano n'ubuziranenge mu mikorere.

Kurwanya ibidukikije

Ibidukikije byo mu mazi no mu nyanja bitera imbogamizi zidasanzwe kuri telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda. Izi telefoni zigomba kwihanganira imimerere mibi, harimo kwangirika k'umunyu, imirasire ya UV, no kwinjira mu mazi. Guhitamo telefoni zifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ibidukikije ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo itumanaho ribe ryiza.

Imbonerahamwe ikurikira igaragaza ingaruka zikunze kugaragara ku bidukikije ziterwa na telefoni zikoreshwa mu nganda mu mazi no mu nyanja:

Kugira ngo telefoni zo mu nganda zirusheho kuramba, zigomba kugiraamanota menshi yo kurinda kwinjira (IP)Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza muri make amanota ya IP asabwa kuri ibi bikoresho:

Mu guhitamo terefone zifite izi porogaramu, abakoresha bashobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ibikoresho bitewe n'ibidukikije. Ubu buryo bwo gukora ibishoboka byose butuma itumanaho rikomeza kuba ryiza, ndetse no mu bihe bigoye cyane byo mu nyanja.

Kwizerwa mu itumanaho

Itumanaho ryizewe ni ryo shingiro ry’ibikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja mu mutekano kandi binoze.Terefone zo mu nganda zigomba gutangaItumanaho ry'amajwi risobanutse kandi ritajegajega, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'impanuka. Sisitemu yo gutumanaho y'amajwi ikora cyane mu kumenyesha abakozi no guhuza uburyo bwo gusubiza mu gihe hari amasegonda akenewe.

Sisitemu y'itumanaho ryihutirwa

Itsindasisitemu yo gutumanaho mu buryo bwihutirwaihuza ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye kugira ngo ubutumwa bugere ku bakozi bose vuba, ndetse no mu bidukikije birimo urusaku cyangwa impanuka. Kimwe mu bice by'ingenzi ni sisitemu yo gutanga ubutumwa rusange n'itangazo rusange (PA/GA), itanga ubutumwa bwihutirwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zo mu nyanja. Iyi sisitemu ihindura itumanaho risanzwe kugira ngo itangaze ubutumwa bwihutirwa neza. Radiyo z'inzira ebyiri zuzuzanya na PA/GA binyuze mu gutuma abakozi bakorana n'ibyumba by'ubuyobozi bagirana imikoranire itaziguye. Byongeye kandi, Sisitemu yo gutangaza amakuru mu bihe by'ubutabazi (EBS) itanga imirongo yihariye yo gutanga ubutumwa bwihutirwa, yongera uburyo ubutumwa bugera ku bantu kandi busobanutse neza. Imiterere igezweho ikunze kuba irimo sisitemu zo gucunga inzandiko zishyira hamwe uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kwihutisha ibisubizo by'itangazo, kugabanya amakosa y'abantu no kunoza igihe cyo gusubiza.

Kubungabunga itumanaho mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi cyangwa mu bihe bikomeye bisaba ubufasha bukomeye. Abakoresha bagomba:

1. Shyiraho sisitemu zo gucika intege zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rikoresha itumanaho rijya kuri telefoni cyangwa zisimburana aho interineti iherereye bidatinze.
2. Jya ugerageza buri gihe ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi byo kubika amakuru n'uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru kugira ngo urebe ko bikora neza igihe bikenewe.
3. Guhugura abakozi ku buryo bwihutirwa, harimo gukoresha porogaramu za VoIP zigendanwa n'ubundi buryo bwo gutumanaho mu gihe habayeho guhagarara.
4. Menyesha abakozi bose n'abafatanyabikorwa gahunda zo gufasha mu buryo bwihuse.

Gushora imari mu gutanga amashanyarazi adashobora gucikagurika (UPS) birakenewe cyane. UPS itanga ingufu z'agateganyo kuri za router, modemu, na telefoni za VoIP zifite bateri zubatswemo. Iyi gahunda yemerera ibikoresho by'itumanaho gukora iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60 cyangwa irenga mu gihe cy'ingufu nke, bigatuma sisitemu y'itumanaho ryihutirwa ikora neza.

Ibiranga Igishushanyo

Mu guhitamo telefoni zo mu nganda zo gukoreshwa mu mazi no mu nyanja, imiterere yihariye y’imiterere yazo iratandukanye na telefoni zisanzwe. Izi nyuguti zongerera imbaraga, zihamye, kandi zikora neza mu bihe bigoye.

Imbonerahamwe ikurikira igaragaza imiterere y'ingenzi ya telefoni zo mu nganda:

Terefone zo mu nganda zo mu maziikunze gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya ingese no kwangirika. Muri byo harimo:

• Icyuma kidashonga cyo mu bwoko bwa Marine, kirinda ingese.
• Polycarbonate ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'imirasire ya UV, irinda imirasire y'izuba.
• Aluminium ipfutse ifu, yongeraho urwego rw'inyongera rwo kuramba.

Byongeye kandi, izi telefoni zifite imigozi ifunze ifite gaskets za IP66 kugira ngo zirinde ibice by'imbere ubushuhe n'umukungugu. Zirimo kandi imigozi irinda ubushyuhe n'ivumbi hamwe na PCBs (imigozi yacapwe yacapwe ya conformal-coated) kugira ngo zihangane n'ubushuhe bwinshi.

Mu kwibanda kuri ibi bipimo by’imiterere, abakora bashobora kwemeza ko sisitemu zabo z’itumanaho zikomeza gukora neza kandi zizewe, ndetse no mu bidukikije byo mu mazi no mu nyanja bigoye cyane.

Iyubahirizwa ry'Amahame Ngenderwaho

Gukurikiza amahame ngenderwaho y’inganda ni ngombwa mu guhitamo telefoni zo mu nganda zikoreshwa mu mazi no mu nyanja. Aya mahame yemeza ko ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano, kwizerwa no gukora neza. Imiryango igomba kubahiriza amabwiriza atandukanye kugira ngo ikomeze gukora neza no kurinda abakozi.

Ibidukikije byo mu mazi ubusanzwe bikurikiza amabwiriza yagutse yo mu mazi. Aya mategeko avuga ku mutekano rusange n'amabwiriza agenga imikorere. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ibidukikije byo mu mazi bifite amategeko yihariye ajyanye n'imbogamizi zidasanzwe. Aya mategeko areba ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije n'umutekano mu mikorere, ashimangira ko hakenewe ubumenyi bwihariye mu mishinga yo mu mazi. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibigo n'ibyo bisabwa ni ingenzi kugira ngo bigerweho.

Amahame y'ingenzi agomba kuzirikanwa arimo:

• IEC 60945: Iri hame rigaragaza ibisabwa muri rusange ku bikoresho byo mu mazi byo kuyobora ubwato n'itumanaho rya radiyo.
• Amabwiriza ya ATEX: Iri tegeko rigenga ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kirere giturika, rigatuma habaho umutekano ahantu hateje akaga.
• ISO 9001: Iri hame ryibanda ku buryo bwo gucunga ubuziranenge, riteza imbere ireme rihoraho mu bicuruzwa na serivisi.

Inama: Buri gihe banza urebe neza ko telefoni yo mu nganda yatoranijwe yujuje ibisabwa mbere yo kuyigura. Ubu buryo bufasha gukumira gutinda guhenze kandi bugatuma ibikoresho bikora neza kandi mu mutekano.

Mu gushyira imbere kubahiriza aya mahame, abakora bashobora kongera umutekano n'ubwizerwe mu buryo bwabo bwo gutumanaho. Ubu buryo bugabanya ibyago kandi bugateza imbere umuco w'umutekano mu bikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja.

Kubungabunga no Gushyigikira

Gusana buri gihe bigira uruhare runini mu kwemeza ko terefone zo mu nganda zizewe kandi ziramba mu turere tw’inyanja n’inyanja duto. Abakoresha terefone bagomba gushyira imbere ingamba zo kuzirinda kugira ngo birinde igihe kinini cyo kuruhuka no guhura n’ibintu biteje akaga. Ibikorwa by’ingenzi byo kuzisana birimo:

• Igenzura rihoraho kugira ngo hamenyekane ibibazo bishobora kubaho.
• Isuku ikwiyekugira ngo hirindwe ingese n'imyanda yiyongera.
• Gusana ku gihe kugira ngo hakemurwe ibibazo byose.
• Amahugurwa ahagije ku bakozi ku ikoreshwa n'ubwitabire bw'ibikoresho.

Mu gushyira mu bikorwa izi ngamba, abakora bashobora kongera cyane imikorere ya sisitemu zabo z'itumanaho.

Abakora kandi batanga serivisi zitandukanye z’ubufasha zijyanye n’ibikenewe mu mazi no mu nyanja. Izi serivisi zemeza ko abakora bafite amikoro akenewe kugira ngo babungabunge ibikoresho byabo neza. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira igaragaza serivisi zisanzwe z’ubufasha zitangwa:

Gushora imari mu kubungabunga no gushyigikira ntibiteza imbere gusa itumanaho ryizewe, ahubwo binateza imbere umuco w’umutekano mu bikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja. Mu kwemeza ko telefoni zo mu nganda ziguma mu buryo bwiza, abazikoresha bashobora gukomeza itumanaho ryiza, ndetse no mu bihe bigoye cyane.

Guhitamo telefoni ikoreshwa mu nganda ikwiye mu bikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja bisaba gusuzumana ubwitonzi ibintu byinshi. Ibintu bitanu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho birimo:

1. Kurwanya ibidukikije
2. Kwizerwa mu itumanaho
3. Ibiranga Igishushanyo
4. Iyubahirizwa ry'Amahame Ngenderwaho
5. Kubungabunga no Gushyigikira

Ibi bintu byose hamwe byongera umutekano mu mikorere no mu buryo bwiza bw'itumanaho. Urugero, kubungabunga ibikoresho mbere y'igihe biteganya ko byangirika, mu gihe gucunga ibyago bigaragaza ibyago.

Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga naryo rigira ingaruka ku bipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo:

• Guhuza na sisitemu zisanzwe birinda silos zikora.
• Gushobora kwaguka bifasha mu gihe kizaza kwaguka.
• Kuramba bihangana n'ibihe bikomeye.
• Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko rituma amahame y'umutekano aba meza.

Gushyira imbere ibi bizatuma umutekano n'imikorere myiza birushaho kwiyongera mu bikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni ibihe bintu ngomba kureba muri telefoni yo mu nganda kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu mazi?

Shaka uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese, amanota menshi ya IP, no kuramba kugira ngo wihanganire imimerere mibi yo mu mazi.

Ni kangahe nkwiye kubungabunga telefoni zo mu nganda?

Kora igenzura ry’ibikorwa byo kubungabunga buri gihembwe kugira ngo urebe ko imikorere myiza n’ubunyangamugayo ari byiza mu bihe bigoye.

Ese hari amahame yihariye agenga ibikoresho by'itumanaho byo mu mazi?

Yego, amahame nka IEC 60945 n'amabwiriza ya ATEX bishimangira umutekano n'ubwizerwe mu bikorwa byo mu mazi.