Ni gute wakwizeza ko amajwi meza mu bikoresho bya telefoni by’inganda?

Ushobora kubigerahoamajwi asobanutse neza in telefoni zigendanwa zo mu ngandahakoreshejwe sisitemu za VoIP zifite ibikoresho bigezweho byo gukumira urusaku,telefoni ikomeye ya telefoni igendanwaigishushanyo mbonera, natelefoni irwanya kwangirikaibikoresho. Amajwi meza atuma amajwi yumvikana neza, ndetse no mu bidukikije bifite imashini zigira urusaku hafi aho. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ibikoresho by'itumanaho byizewe bifasha mu gukumira amabwiriza yabuze no kugabanya impanuka. Itumanaho rikora neza risaba telefoni zigendanwa zo mu nganda zigabanya urusaku rw'inyuma kandi zikongera uburangare bw'amajwi. Abakozi bakomeza kuba mu mutekano kandi bagakora neza iyo uhisemo telefoni zigendanwa zikomeye zifite ubuziranenge bwa VoIP.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Koresha mikoro zikuraho urusaku n'indangururamajwi zifite ubushobozi bwo kumva urusaku rwinshi. Izi ndangururamajwi zifasha mu gukumira urusaku rwinshi. Zituma kandi amajwi yumvikana neza ahantu hari urusaku.
• Hitamo telefoni zifite uburinzi bukomeye nko kugira amanota menshi ya IP. Inzu ifunze neza irinda amazi, umukungugu n'ubushuhe kwinjira. Ibi bifasha kugumisha amajwi meza hanze.
• Koresha uburyo bwo guhagarika ijwi n'imiterere myiza y'ijwi. Ibi bifasha kugabanya ijwi n'intera. Guhamagara biroroha kumva no kumva.
• Hitamo kodeki nziza kandi ukomeze umuyoboro uhamye hamwe n'Ubuziranenge bwa Serivisi (QoS). Ibi bituma guhamagara kuri VoIP bisobanutse kandi byizewe.
• Gerageza kandi uvugurure ibikoresho byawe n'igenamiterere rya interineti kenshi. Ibi bihagarika ibibazo byo guhamagara. Bifasha telefoni zawe zo mu nganda gukora neza.

Ikoranabuhanga rya Mukono n'Indangururamajwi mu Bidukikije Birangwamo Urusaku rwinshi

Inganda n'ububiko bishobora kuba urusaku rwinshi. Imashini n'ibikoresho bikora urusaku rwinshi umunsi wose. Ukeneye ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ireme ry'itumanaho rya voip. Guhitamo mikoro n'indangururamajwi bikwiye bigufasha kumva no kuvuga neza kuri telefoni. Reka turebe icyagufasha kuvuga neza.

Mikorofone zihagarika urusaku

Urashaka ko abantu bumva ijwi ryawe, ntabwo ari imashini. Mikoro zikuraho urusaku zikora neza kuri ibi. Izi mikoro zifite mikoro ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi imbere. Imwe ibona ijwi ryawe, indi ikumva urusaku rukukikije.Gutunganya ibimenyetso by'ikoranabuhanga (DSP)bikuraho urusaku rwinshi. Ijwi ryawe rirumvikana neza kandi ryoroshye kumva. Mikoro za Hybrid ANC zikoresha uburyo burenze bumwe bwo guhagarika urusaku. Ni amahitamo meza ku bwiza bw'ikoreshwa rya voip.

Amasosiyete amwe akoresha mikoro zihariye zigabanya urusaku. Izi zikoresha ibikoresho bibuza amajwi menshi kwinjira. Urugero, ecouteur zifite ubu buhanga zikora neza ahantu hahurira abantu benshi. Zifasha abakozi kumva no kuvuga neza. Ibi bituma buri wese agumana umutekano kandi bikanabafasha gukora akazi kabo.

Dore uburyo butandukanye bwo gukumira urusaku bukora:

Inama: Shyira mikoro hafi y'umunwa wawe. Koresha ecouteur zifunze kugira ngo urusheho kumva neza.

Indangururamajwi zigaragaza ubushishozi bwinshi

Indangururamajwi zifite ubushobozi bwo kumva ibintu byinshibigufasha kumva buri jambo. Bikora neza nubwo imashini zigira urusaku rwinshi. Izi ndangururamajwi zihindura ingufu mu ijwi neza cyane. Urushaho kugira ijwi risobanutse neza udakoresheje ingufu nyinshi. Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo voip call ibe nziza. Ugomba kumva imiburo n'amabwiriza vuba.

• Indangururamajwi zifite ubushobozi bwo kumva ijwi ryinshi zikoresha imbaraga nke.
• Urumva neza udakoresheje amplifier ishyushye.
• Bikora neza ahantu harangwa urusaku nko mu nganda.
• Ingano n'ibikoresho by'umuvugizi ni ingenzi cyane.
• Hari ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bikoresha indangururamajwi zihuta cyane mu mirimo igoye.

Gukoresha izi ndangururamajwi bituma guhamagara kwawe kuri voip byumvikana neza. Ntuzabura ubutumwa bw'ingenzi kubera urusaku.

Gutunganya Ibimenyetso by'Ikoranabuhanga

Gutunganya amajwi ya digitale (DSP) ni ingenzi cyane kuri sisitemu za voip. DSP ifata ijwi ryawe ikarihindura amakuru ya digitale. Ikoresha porogaramu zigezweho kugira ngo isukure amajwi. DSP ikuraho urusaku, ikaringaniza ijwi, kandi igatuma ijwi ryawe rirushaho kuba ryiza. Hanyuma, ihindura ijwi rya digitale mu majwi nyayo ku wundi muntu.

DSP ishobora:

• Gabanya urusaku rw'inyuma kugira ngo ijwi ryawe ribe ryumvikana neza.
• Hindura ijwi kugira ngo rijyane n'icyumba, bityo guhamagara kuri voip birusheho kuba byiza.
• Komeza amajwi adakomeye kandi uhagarike urusaku rw'urusobe rw'amakuru.

Kodegisi za Wideband nka G.722 na Opus nazo zirafasha. Izi zikorana na voip kugira ngo ziguhe amajwi meza. Zifata ibisobanuro byinshi mu ijwi ryawe kandi zigakora neza nubwo umuyoboro wahinduka. Dore incamake:

Kodeki nziza iguha ireme ryiza ryo guhamagara kuri voip. Nubwo umuyoboro wawe waba utari mwiza, uracyabona guhamagara neza. Ushobora kwizera sisitemu yawe ya voip igufasha kuvuga neza.

Icyitonderwa: Buri gihe menya neza ko ibikoresho byawe bya voip bikoresha codecs nshya na DSP kugira ngo bigire ijwi ryiza.

Ubudahangarwa bw'umuyaga n'amazi mu bikoresho byo hanze

Amanota ya IP

Ibipimo bya IP bikwereka uburyo terefone ifunga umukungugu n'amazi. Umubare munini usobanura uburinzi bwiza. Buri gihe reba ibipimo bya IP mbere yo kugura terefone yo hanze. Dore imbonerahamwe yoroshye:

Isuzuma rya IP rihanitse rifasha telefoni yawe kugumana ijwi ryiza, ndetse no mu gihe cy'imvura nyinshi cyangwa ahantu hatose.

Inzu ifunze neza

Urashaka ko terefone yawe imara imyaka myinshi. Inzu ifunze neza ifasha muri ibi. Abakora bakoresha pulasitiki yihariye kugira ngo bakore imitako ikomeye. Iyi mitako ibuza amazi n'umukungugu kwinjira imbere. Imodoka nyinshi zikoresha aluminiyumu inyuma. Iki cyuma ntigifata ingese kandi gikomeza umutekano imbere. Imodoka zimwe zifite imitako ya o-ring n'inzugi bifunga neza kugira ngo birusheho kugira umutekano. Ibi bintu bifasha terefone yawe gukora neza igihe kirekire, ndetse no mu tunnel cyangwa mu nganda z'amashanyarazi.

• Inzu y'icyuma cya aluminiyumu ntigira ingese cyangwa ngo ivunike byoroshye.
• Ibyuma bifunga ibyuma bya O-ring n'imirongo ifunganyeguhagarika amazi ava.
• Inzugi zuzuyemo impeshyikuzibira imvura n'umukungugu.
• Irangi rihamye rya UV rihagarika kwangirika kw'izuba.

Kurinda ubushuhe

Ubushuhe bushobora gutuma ijwi ritameze neza vuba cyane. Ndetse n'amazi make arimo ashobora kwangiza ijwi. Kugira ngo ibi bihagarare, ushobora gushyiramogel ya silicaimbere muri telefoni. Silika gel inyuza amazi kandi ikarinda ibintu byumuka. Hari telefone zimwe na zimwe zikoresha imifuka ifunga ubushuhe cyangwa irangi ryihariye ku bice by'imbere. Ibyuma bya silikoni nabyo bifasha mu gukumira amazi. Iyo amazi yinjiye, ibikoresho byihariye byo kumisha bishobora gukosora ijwi. Gukomeza telefoni yawe yumye bivuze ko wumva neza buri gihe, ndetse no ahantu hatose.

Inama: Buri gihe shakisha uburyo bwo kurinda ubushuhe iyo uhisemo telefoni yo hanze. Ibi bituma guhamagara kwawe kugaragara neza kandi telefoni yawe igakora igihe kirekire.

Kugabanya Echo & Kongera Ubushobozi bwo Gusobanura Ijwi

Guhagarika Echo

Echo ishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye mu nganda. Bibaho iyo mikoro yawe yumvise ijwi riva mu ndangururamajwi yawe. Hanyuma, yohereza iryo jwi mu guhamagara. Ibi bituma bigorana kuvugana no kumvikana. Telefoni nshya za voip zikoresha uburyo bwihariye bwo gusiba echo kugira ngo zikemure ibi. Urugero, Poly Trio 8800 ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Poly Acoustic Clarity™. Ibi bivanga kuvugana mu buryo bwa duplex, gusiba echo, no kugabanya urusaku. Ifite kandi NoiseBlock™ yo guhagarika amajwi atari amajwi. Telefoni za Spectralink's S Series DECT zikoresha mikoro ebyiri kugira ngo zirusheho gusiba echo no kugenzura urusaku. Izi mikoro zigufasha kumva neza no kwirinda ibibazo byo guhamagara.

Imikoreshereze yo guhagarika Echoibyuma biyungurura bya elegitoronikigushaka no gukuraho echo. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane muri sisitemu za voip. Gutinda kwa interineti bishobora gutuma echo irushaho kuba mbi. Guhagarika acoustic echo (AEC) bikuraho echo ako kanya. Ubona ijwi risobanutse neza kandi nturambirwe no kumva. Ibi bigufasha gukora neza kandi bigatuma uhamagara neza.

Inama: Guhagarika echo ni ingenzi cyane ahantu havuga cyane. Bigufasha kugira amajwi meza kandi bigahagarika ibibazo byo guhamagara.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'amajwi

Imiterere myiza y'amajwi igufasha kubona amajwi meza ya voip. Ushobora gukoresha amapine n'ibifuniko bikurura amajwi kugira ngo uhagarike urusaku rw'imashini. Utwuma dutuma ijwi rituza n'amapine bigabanya urusaku ruturuka ku byuma bitanga umwuka n'amashanyarazi. Inzugi n'ibifunga bikingira urusaku bibuza urusaku kugenda hagati y'ibyumba. Gupfuka amajwi byongera urusaku rworoshye inyuma kugira ngo bihishe amajwi menshi. Izi ntambwe zigufasha guhagarika amajwi no gutuma amajwi yumvikana neza.

Ugomba gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura ijwi kugira ngo ushyireho urwego rw'amajwi rukwiye. Ibi bigufasha kumva amajwi nta rusaku rurenze. Imiterere myiza y'amajwi ituma habaho umwanya uhagije wo guhamagara kuri voip. Bituma amajwi yawe ahora asobanutse neza.

Kugabanya kwivanga

Kwivanga kw'amajwi bishobora gutuma guhamagara kwawe kuri voip birushaho kuba bibi. Mu matelefone akoreshwa mu nganda, kwivanga guturuka kuri DC-DC converters, bisi za digitale, n'amashanyarazi. Ibi bice bishobora gukora urusaku rw'amashanyarazi n'urwa radiyo. Ushobora kubikemura ukoresheje imiterere myiza ya circuit board, uburinzi, na filters. Ibice byihariye byo gukumira urusaku, nk'ibiri muri TDK Audio Sample Kit, bifasha kugumisha amajwi asukuye.

Sisitemu zigezweho za voip zikoresha uburyo bwo kuyungurura amakuru mu buryo bwa digitale na adaptive frequency hopping. Ibi bikoresho bikuraho frequencies zihuze kandi bibuza urusaku rubi. Iyo ukurikije izi nama, uhagarika ireme ribi rya voip kandi ugakomeza ijwi ryawe neza, ndetse n'ahantu hakomeye.

Amabwiriza yo Gupima Imikorere y'Amajwi yo mu rwego rw'Inganda

Kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ireme ry'itumanaho rya voip mu itumanaho rya telefoni zo mu nganda, ugomba gukurikiza amategeko akaze. Aya mategeko agufasha kubona amajwi meza, ndetse n'ahantu harangwa urusaku. Ugomba kugerageza umuyoboro wawe, ugahitamo kodeki ikwiye, kandi ugakoresha ibikoresho bikomeye kugira ngo urebe umuyoboro wawe. Dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba gukora.

Guhitamo Kodeki

Guhitamo codec ikwiye ni ingenzi cyane kuri sisitemu yawe ya voip. Codec zigabanya kandi zigafungura amajwi, bityo ukabona amajwi meza kandi ugakoresha ingano ikwiye y'amakuru. Zimwe muri codec nkaG.711 na G.722iguha ijwi ryiza ariko ikoresha amakuru menshi. Opus irahinduka hamwe na network kandi igatuma amajwi ahora asobanutse neza. G.729 ikoresha amakuru make ariko ishobora kutumvikana neza. Buri gihe menya neza ko ibikoresho byawe na serivisi ya voip bikorana na codec wahisemo. Iyo utangiye guhamagara, impande zombi zigomba gukoresha codec ikorana. Ibi bihagarika ibibazo kandi bigatuma amajwi yawe yoroha kumva.

Inama: Reba uburyo codec yawe ikora kenshi kandi uvugurure ibikoresho byawe kugira ngo ireme rya voip call rikomeze kuba hejuru.

Iterambere ry'umuyoboro

Umuyoboro ukomeye ufasha guhamagara kuri voip yawe kumvikana neza. Ugomba kugerageza cyane umuyoboro wawe. Koresha ikizamini cya voip kugira ngo urebe niba amakuru yabuze, jitter, n'ibitinda. Ibimenyetso byiza bya WiFi cyangwa telefoni bifasha guhagarika guhamagara kwavuyeho n'amajwi mabi. Umutanga serivisi nziza ya voip anatuma umuyoboro wawe uba mwiza. Ibyuma bigabanya ubwivumbure n'uburyo bwo guhindura ubwivumbure bw'amakuru bifasha gutuma amakuru agenda neza. Iyo inzira imwe y'umuyoboro inaniwe, inzira zo gushakisha zigufasha gukomeza guhuza. Buri gihe reba umuyoboro wawe kandi ubone ibikoresho bishya igihe ubikeneye.

• Koresharouter z'ubucuruzi hamwe na QoS.
• Imiyoboro y'insinga ihamye kurusha insinga.
• Reba ubuziranenge bw'amajwi ukoresheje ibikoresho bya interineti.
• Hitamo umutanga serivisi nziza ya voip kugira ngo ugire ibibazo bike.

Ubwiza bwa Serivisi (QoS)

Ubwiza bwa Serivisi (QoS) bufasha guhamagara kwawe kuguma neza iyo umuyoboro urimo gukora cyane. Routers na switch zishobora guha amakuru y'ijwi umwanya w'ingenzi. Ibi bigabanya gutinda, gutitira no gutakaza amakuru. Ugomba kugenzura umuyoboro wawe no guhindura imiterere ya QoS nibiba ngombwa.Shyiraho DSCP 46 kugira ngo ukoreshe ijwikandi ukoreshe ingenzi cyane. Komeza urebe kandi uvugurure kugira ngo ireme rya voip phone rikomeze kuba hejuru.

Icyitonderwa: Buri gihe reba umuyoboro wawe kandi ukoreshe ibizamini bya voip kugira ngo ubone ibibazo hakiri kare.

Amategeko nka IEEE 269-2019 agufasha gupima ubuziranenge bw'amajwi. Ibigo byinshi kandi bikoresha amategeko ya IEC, ETSI, TIA, na ANSI. Aya mategeko agufasha kugenzura no kunoza ubuziranenge bw'amajwi ya voip buri gihe uhamagaye.

Niba wumvise amajwi mabi, gerageza ibi bikurikira:

1. Reba umuyoboro wawe urebe niba ufite amakuru ahagije.
2. Koresha ikizamini cya voip kugira ngo umenye ikibazo.
3. Hindura igenamiterere rya QoS na codec.
4. Vugurura ibikoresho byawe na porogaramu.
5. Reba umuyoboro wawe kandi ukomeze gukoresha ireme ry'amajwi yawe igihe cyose.

Gukora ibi bintu bifasha guhamagara kuri voip yawe kuguma neza kandi neza.

Ushobora kubona amajwi meza mu matelefone yo mu nganda ukoresheje mikoro zigezweho, ukoresheje imiterere ifunze, kandi ukagira amajwi menshi agabanya ijwi. Genzura ibikoresho byawe kenshi kugira ngo ijwi rikomeze kuba ryiza. Kwita ku matelefone yawe bifasha guhagarika ibibazo no gutuma abantu bahamagara badahamagara neza. Koresha ikoranabuhanga rishya kandi urebe uko ukoresha kenshi. Kuvugurura terefone zawe zo mu nganda bituma buri gihe ugira amajwi meza kuri buri guhamagara.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Igipimo cya IP bivuze iki ku mashini zigendanwa zo mu nganda?

Igipimo cya IP kigaragaza uburyo terefone yawe ifunga umukungugu n'amazi. Imibare yo hejuru isobanura uburinzi bwiza. Urugero, IP67 bivuze ko terefone yawe ishobora kwihanganira umukungugu n'igihe gito munsi y'amazi.

Ni gute mikoro zihagarika urusaku zifasha ahantu havugwa urusaku?

Mikoro zihagarika urusaku zumva ijwi ryawe kandi zikarinda urusaku rw'inyuma. Ubona amajwi asobanutse neza, ndetse n'iyo imashini zikora hafi aho. Ibi bigufasha kumva no kuvuga udasakuza.

Kuki ugomba kugenzura umuyoboro wawe kugira ngo urebe niba hari ihamagara rya VoIP?

Umuyoboro ukomeye utuma amatelefone yawe ahora neza. Ugomba kugerageza umuyoboro wawe kugira ngo urebe ko wihuta kandi uhamye. WiFi nziza cyangwa umurongo w'itumanaho ukoresha insinga bigufasha kwirinda guhamagara bitinze no kumva amajwi mabi.

Ni gute warinda terefone yawe ubushuhe?

Ushobora gukoresha inzu ifunze, gasket za rubber, na paki za silica gel. Ibi bifasha amazi kwinjira kandi bikarinda ibice by'imbere. Telefoni yawe iguma yumye kandi igakora igihe kirekire.

Guhagarika echo ni iki, kandi kuki ubikeneye?

Guhagarika echo bikuraho amajwi asubiramo mu gihe cyo guhamagara. Wumva umuntu uvuga gusa, ntabwo ari ijwi ryawe bwite rigaruka. Ibi bituma ibiganiro byoroha kandi bitabangamira urujijo.